Maxwell's equations

In classical electromagnetism, Maxwell's equations are a set of four partial differential equations that describe the properties of the electric and magnetic fields and relate them to their sources, charge density and current density. Maxwell used the equations to show that light is an electromagnetic wave. The modern set of Maxwell's equations is:

• Gauss' law
• Gauss's law for magnetism
• Faraday's law of induction
• Ampère's circuital law - with Maxwell's incorporation of displacement current

The Lorentz force law, which was actually derived by Maxwell, must be added to the above four Maxwell's equations to complete the laws of classical electromagnetism.

The UNSC possesses a far superior understanding of these laws than the Covenant, which has led to more efficient modifications of Covenant weaponry by UNSC personnel.