Editing List of pop culture references in the Halo series

{{Title|List of pop culture references in the ''Halo'' series}}
{{Status|RealWorld}}
{{Cleanup}}
{{Center|This is a '''list of pop culture references in the ''Halo'' series'''. For a list of references ''to'' the ''Halo'' series made by other works, see [[List of outside references to the Halo series|here]].}}

==Film==
===300===
*With the IWHBYD skull activated, Marines in ''Halo 3'' will sometimes shout "THIS IS SPARTA," a reference to a line in the movie and a popular internet meme.

*In ''[[Origins]]'', ancient Greek [[Wikipedia:Sparta|Sparta]]ns are depicted in a scene strongly evocative of a particular shot from ''300'' in color palette and composition, though in ''Origins'' the Spartans' armor is portrayed more authentically than in ''300'' apart from the erroneous depiction of the emblems on their shields.

*The story of [[Soren-066]] in ''[[Pariah]]'' is reminiscent of [[Wikipedia:Ephialtes of Trachis|Ephialtes of Trachis]] as he is portrayed in ''300''. Both are deformed and as a result unfit for battle, and betray the Spartans after they refuse to let them serve. In particular, a scene where [[Franklin Mendez|Chief Mendez]] explains Soren why he cannot serve in battle with the other Spartans mirrors a similar scene in ''300'' between Spartan king Leonidas and Ephialtes.

===2001: A Space Odyssey===
In ''[[Halo: The Thursday War]]'', [[Evan Phillips]] requests the [[Black-Box]] fragment to ''"drop the sorry-Dave-I-can't-do-that crap"'' in response to the latter's malfunctioning while stranded in the [[Temple of the Abiding Truth]].<ref>'''Halo: The Thursday War''', ''page 102''</ref> This is referring to the famous line by the AI [[Wikipedia:HAL 9000|HAL 9000]].

===Alien/Predator Franchise===
====Aliens====
{{main|List of references to Aliens in the Halo series}}
[[File:AJ - Comparison.png|400px|thumb|Sergeant Apone from ''Aliens'', and ''Halo''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Sergeant [[Avery Junior Johnson|Johnson]].]]

;Designs and technology
*The [[Pelican]]'s design was influenced by the Cheyenne dropship.
*The “fins” that rise from the ground upon activation of the [[The Portal|Portal]] on Earth very much resemble similar structures that can be seen surrounding the enormous atmospheric processing unit used for terraforming purposes on LV-426.
*UNSC frigates, such as the {{UNSCShip|Forward Unto Dawn}}, the {{UNSCShip|In Amber Clad}}, and especially the {{UNSCShip|Aegis Fate}}, with their protrusions from the bow, greatly resemble the ship ''Sulaco'', both in appearance and usage. Also, in ''Halo 3'', when the ''Forward Unto Dawn'' arrives at the [[Installation 00|Ark]], the process of launching Pelicans from the frigate's hold is practically identical to that of launching the single dropship from the hold of the ''Sulaco''.
*The novelizations of ''Alien'' and ''Halo'' say that people go into cryo-stasis naked, though the films and game show them clothed.
*In the ''Halo 2'' level [[Outskirts (Level)|Outskirts]], there are several posters showing what appears to be the head of an Alien.

;Humanity
*The Marines' combat armor in ''Halo: Combat Evolved'' and ''Aliens'' share many similarities.
*In the mission log of [[PFC Jenkins]] during the level ''[[343 Guilty Spark (level)|343 Guilty Spark]]'', [[Avery Junior Johnson|Sgt. Johnson]] yells at [[Private Mendoza]] to identify a noise the squad hears, foreshadowing the coming of the Flood. This is much the same as the scene in which Sgt. Apone yells at PFC Hudson before the encounter with the Alien. Similarly, Mendoza and Hudson both start out cocky and confident, but start to break down and panic.
*Marines in both Halo and ''Aliens'' have mission log cameras installed in their helmets.
*Hudson's panicked "game over, man!" speech is included in ''Halo: Combat Evolved''. It and other variations can sometimes be heard in gameplay by Naval personnel and Marines. One variation is heard aboard the ''[[Truth and Reconciliation]]'' by a Marine before being hushed by [[Jacob Keyes|Captain Keyes]]. He also yells "we're screwed man, we're screwed!"
*Bungie has admitted that Johnson was based from Apone.
*In ''Halo 3'', if [[Stacker|Gunnery Sergeant Stacker]] is infected by the Flood, sometimes he mutters "kill me" or "shoot me", which is a line uttered at least three times in the ''Alien'' series by an infected host. Again, this may not necessarily be a deliberate reference.
*[[Jonesy]] is a cat lost on the ''[[UNSC Pillar of Autumn|Pillar of Autumn]]'', named in homage to a cat in ''Aliens''.
*The "Attention Marines: South Pacific Duty..." notice is said to be another reference to ''Aliens''.
*''Halo: Combat Evolved'' includes similar dialog from the movie, such as "I got a bad feeling about this," and the response, "Boy, you always have a bad feeling about something". Similar words can be heard in the ''Halo 2'' level in which the Arbiter first encounters the Flood. Ironically, the lines were spoken by Grunts, aliens themselves: "Me have bad feeling about this..." with the response "You ''always'' have bad feeling. You had bad feeling about morning food nipple." The line was also featured in Bungie's earlier game, ''Marathon''.

;The Covenant
*Many aspects of [[Sangheili|Elite]] armor, such as the "shoulder spikes" on Heretic armor and the shape of the head-dress on Councilor armor, as well as the shape of the legs, are very similar to that of the Aliens.
*The headdresses worn by [[Councilor]] Elites closely resemble the Alien Queen's head.
*Both the [[Covenant]] and Aliens have a caste system. While the Covenant's is based on race and religion, the Alien's is based on their different life stages and species.

;The Flood
*There are numerous similarities between the [[Flood]] and the Xenomorphs from the Alien series of films.
*The Aliens and Flood both reproduce in a way that could be described as parasitic, though the Flood seems to modify existing biomass, (or create their own in the case of the [[Pure Form]]) while the Xenomorph "chest bursters" only develop inside the host up to a certain point, at which time they erupt from the victim's chest and presumably make up the rest of their mass by food consumption.
*The Flood screeches in ''[[Halo 2]]'' resemble the Xenomorph screeches at a higher pitch.
*The Flood and Aliens have similar qualities such as climbing walls, jumping large distances, and are hive-minded yet learn as individuals.
*Both inherit traits based on their hosts. A Xenomorph is different whether the face hugger attaches to a human, ox, or Yautja. Similarly, a Flood combat form is different depending on whether an Infection Form attaches to a Human, Elite, or [[Jiralhanae|Brute]].
*During Flood levels in both ''Halo: Combat Evolved'' and ''Halo 2'', most notably 343 Guilty Spark and [[High Charity (Level)|High Charity]], when visibility is limited and close quarters fighting is common, the player is forced to keep an eye on the motion tracker, a homage to Aliens.<ref>'''[[The Art of Halo]]'''</ref>

;Master Chief
*Ripley begins and ends both ''Alien'' and ''Aliens'' in cryo-stasis, much like the Chief's overall story throughout the three games.
*Both Ripley and Master Chief begin ''Alien'' and ''Halo'' in a large ship with other people and end up alone in a smaller shuttle.

====Predator====
*The four mandibles of the [[Sangheili]] are similar to those of the Predator.
*The cloaking device of the Predator is similar to active camouflage.
*The [[Type-1 Energy Weapon/Sword|energy sword]], the signature melee weapon of the Sangheili, is the counterpart of the Predator's wrist blades.
*The opening of Predator could resemble the cutscene from the level, "The Flood" introducing Fire Team Charlie. Both teams are being dropped off into jungle-like terrain by helicopter. In this case, a Pelican.
*The Elites' honor system in battle resembles the Predators'.
*Both the Elites and the Predators have worked with humanity to eliminate a greater threat. The Sangheili worked with humanity against the [[Flood]] and Truth's loyalists, and the Predators worked with humans against the xenomorphs.

===Ghostbusters===
When picking up a Spartan Laser, Dutch will occasionally shout "Don't nobody cross my stream!". This is a reference to the proton beams in the ''Ghostbusters'' films, which would theoretically annihilate the entire universe if crossed with one another.

===Jurassic Park===
*A pair of [[Skins (Halo: Combat Evolved)|vehicle skins]] for ''Halo: CE'' in ''Halo: The Master Chief Collection'' are references to ''Jurassic Park'':
**The "Park Ranger" skin for the Warthog is designed to resemble the tour vehicles seen in the film, and has the description "Spared no expense" - a direct reference to a quote from John Hammond in the first film.
**The "Clever Girl" skin for the Rocket Warthog instead resembles the jeeps used by the staff of Jurassic Park in the film, its name is a reference to Robert Muldoon's famous final words as he is outsmarted and killed by a Velociraptor, and its description "Objects in this mirror are closer than they appear" is taken from an earlier scene where Ian Malcolm, Ellie Sattler, and Muldoon are chased by a Tyrannosaurus.

===Neon Genesis Evangelion===
*References to the ''[[Wikipedia:Neon Genesis Evangelion|Neon Genesis Evangelion]]'' franchise have been included in three ''[[Halo Infinite]]'' multiplayer maps. Each of these instances were the work of Sperasoft artist [[:Category:Images by Ivan Yakushev|Ivan Yakushev]].
**On the multiplayer map [[Streets]], there is [[Wikipedia:Pixel art|pixel art]] of a [[Wikipedia:Pigeon|pigeon]] with the head of [[Evangelion:Evangelion Unit-02 (Rebuild)|Evangelion Unit-02]] from the anime film series ''[[Wikipedia:Rebuild of Evangelion|Rebuild of Evangelion]]''.
**On the multiplayer map [[Cliffhanger]], cave art of two pigeons in the style of the [[Wikipedia:Nazca Lines|Nazca Lines]] can be found. The left pigeon features the logo of the mysterious organization from ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' known as [[Evangelion:SEELE|SEELE]]. It is possible that the intent behind this logo's inclusion was to draw connections between SEELE and the [[Office of Naval Intelligence]], the latter of which is a major theme of the map Cliffhanger.
**On the multiplayer map [[Forest]], the previous cave art showing a pigeon in the style of the Nazca Lines with the SEELE logo can also be found, this time within a group of several other pigeons, each with different styling.
*The "Jacknife" armor coating released in [[Season 04: Infection]] bears the color scheme of [[Evangelion:Evangelion Unit-01|Evangelion Unit-01]],{{Ref/Twitter|Id=JeffTweet|jeffsimpsonkh|1679516906322272257|Jeff Simpson|Quote=...of course I got the EVA01 skin.|D=16|M=07|Y=2023}} and the name of the coating may be a reference to the Progressive Knife, a weapon wielded by Unit-01 on several occasions.
*The "Cyclopean" emblem and nameplate released during the [[Spirit of Fire (Operation)|Spirit of Fire]] [[Operation (Halo Infinite)|operation]] features a [[HRUNTING Mark III (S) Cyclops]] and a description reading: "Get in the mechsuit, [[Evangelion:Shinji Ikari|Shinji]]!" The description is a reference to the popular internet meme: "Get in the fucking robot, Shinji!" This quote never actually appears in the series and was instead created by ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' fans to mock the character Shinji Ikari's regular refusal to pilot Evangelion Unit-01, which is often likened to a mech.

===Star Wars===
*The {{Pattern|Zurdo|Wraith}} heavily resembles the Armored Assault Tank (AAT) from ''Star Wars: The Phantom Menace''.
*The scene in ''Halo: Combat Evolved'' where the Halo is shown and when the camera pans out to show the ''[[UNSC Pillar of Autumn|Pillar of Autumn]]'' looks quite similar like the opening scenes of each ''Star Wars'' episode.
*Sometimes, with the IWHBYD skull activated, a Marine can be heard saying "They remind me of Wookiees from ''Star Wars'',"  after they kill a Brute. When fighting Brutes, Sergeant Stacker occasionally says, ''"Hey, Chewie. You're about to be turned into a foot rest!"'', in reference to Chewbacca.
*The [[M312 Heavy Recovery Vehicle|Elephant]] bears a great resemblance to the Jawa Sandcrawlers.
*Edwards Buck's line ''"Look at the size of that thing!"'' in regard to the assault carrier over New Mombasa is a quote from Wedge Antilles, commenting on the size of the ''Death Star''.
*With the IWHBYD skull active on the level ''[[New Alexandria]]'', one of the gunners on the Falcon the player pilot sometimes says, ''"It's like shooting swamp-rats back home"''. This is a reference to a line by Luke Skywalker, who claims starfighter combat is ''"Just like bullseyeing womp rats back home!"''
*[[Noble Six]]'s line ''"The last transport is away,"'' is likely a reference to ''Star Wars: Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back''. A similar line, ''"The first transport is away,"'' is said when an orbiting Star Destroyer is disabled by a land-based ion cannon, allowing a transport vessel to evacuate Echo Base; In ''Halo: Reach'', SPARTAN-B312's line is said when an overhead Covenant corvette is damaged by a land-based missile battery, allowing a civilian transport vessel to escape.
*The game stats description for the [[BOB]]s in ''Halo: Reach'' is ''"Wipe them out..."'' In addition to referencing the tendency of players to kill the similarly-named non-player characters in Bungie's ''[[Marathon]]'' series, this could be a reference to Palpatine's line ''"Wipe them out... all of them"'' from ''The Phantom Menace'', given that Bungie had previously referenced dialog from that film in their ''Halo: Reach'' updates (namely, ''"A communications disruption can mean only one thing..."'' in relation to the [[Invasion]] gametype).
*In the ''Halo Reach'' level, Lone Wolf, the checkpoint's name is "There'll be another time", a reference to a line spoken by Han Solo in ''Star Wars: Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back''.
*In ''Halo Infinite''{{'}}s loading screens, several Star Wars references are made:
**The "A fine addition to my collection" quote of General Grievous' habit to collect lightsabers.
**Another Grievous reference it's the "You must realize you are doomed" quote, said before his final duel against Obi Wan Kenobi.
**"You're a bold one" is another Grievous reference, said when Obi Wan Kenobi appears on the droid base.
**Anakin's "This is where fun begins" at the start of ''Star Wars: Episode III: Revenge of the Sith''.
**The last part of Padme's quote ("So this is how liberty dies... with '''thunderous applause'''.") when Palpatine restructures the Republic into the Galactic Empire.
**"Death Sticks" are a highly addictive illegal drug. In ''Star Wars: Episode II: Attack of the Clones'', a Death Stick dealer wants to sell the drug to Obi Wan Kenobi. In ''Halo Infinite'', the ''Death Stick'' is used as a nickname for the Gravity Hammer.

===Terminator===
The ''Halo 3'' multiplayer level ''[[The Pit (Level)|The Pit]]'' was referred to as "Cyberdyne" during its production. The name references Cyberdyne Systems of the ''Terminator'' series.

===Treasure of the Sierra Madre===
In ''[[Halo Wars]]'', Marines will occasionally shout "We don't need no stinking Spartans!", a reference to famous misquote "We don't need no stinking badges!" In reality, the line is a combination of "We don't need no badges" and "I ain't got to show you no stinking badges!"

===Wilhelm Scream===
The frequently-used movie stock sound effect known as the "[[Wikipedia:Wilhelm Scream|Wilhelm Scream]]" appears several times in the ''Halo'' series:

*In ''[[Halo: Last One Standing]]'', the scream can be heard moments after [[T. Rymann]] is killed, when the Marines take cover from a Banshee's [[fuel rod]]. It is barely audible through the noise of the explosion.

*In ''[[Halo Wars]]'', the scream appears in [[Five Long Years Cinematic|the opening cinematic]] of the level [[Alpha Base (Halo Wars level)|Alpha Base]], when a Marine is hit in the back by a plasma blast.

*The scream is heard in ''[[Halo: Reach]]'', in the opening cutscene of the level [[Tip of the Spear]], as a Warthog falls off a bridge, accompanied by another trooper screaming. However, the Wilhelm Scream is not heard on all difficulties as the scream varies according to difficulty.

*In Part 9 the motion comic adaptation of ''[[The Mona Lisa]]'', when [[Commander]] [[Tobias Foucault]] is watching a recording of the events of Installation 04, the scream is heard when a Marine is overwhelmed by the Flood.

*In ''[[Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn]]'' the scream is heard in the classified video [[Michael Sullivan]] shows to his fellow cadets, as an Insurrectionist is thrown against a wall, just after the Spartan announces an unknown hostile.

*The scream is heard in the fourth ''[[Halo 4]]'' [[Terminal (Halo 4)|terminal]] when the Flood are seen bursting through a door to attack a group of Forerunners.

*In the introductory cinematic to the [[Halo: Spartan Assault co-op missions|Flood missions]] in ''[[Halo: Spartan Assault]]'', the scream is heard when the fireball from the [[Fleet of Retribution]]'s glassing strike overwhelms an African city.

==Television==

===Battlestar Galactica===
Marines can be heard saying '[https://bsg.wiki/Frak Frak]', the trademark expletive of the show. The novel ''Halo: Cryptum'' also shows several parallels to the [https://bsg.wiki/Battlestar_Galactica_(RDM) reimagined version] of the show, such as a highly-advanced human civilization forced after warfare to live without technology on [https://bsg.wiki/Earth_(RDM) Earth], further enhanced by both taking place 150,000 years before the present day.

===The Dukes of Hazzard===
*With the IWHBYD skull on, Marines or [[Gunnery Sergeant]] [[Edward Buck]], will yell out the horn from the General Lee should the player do something insane in the Warthog.
*Sometimes [[Gunnery Sergeant]] [[Stacker]] will say: "Drive her like she's got a trunk-full-of-moonshine!" when ordered out of the drivers seat of a [[Warthog]], a reference to the Dukes' family moonshine smuggling business.

===Firefly and Serenity===
*[[Nathan Fillion]] ([[firefly:Malcolm Reynolds|Malcolm Reynolds]]), [[Adam Baldwin]] ([[firefly:Jayne Cobb|Jayne Cobb]]), and [[Alan Tudyk]] ([[firefly:Hoban Washburne|Hoban "Wash" Washburne]]) provided the voices of Marine NPCs for ''[[Halo 3]]''. All three actors returned to voice main characters in ''Halo 3: ODST'': [[Edward Buck|Buck]], [[Taylor H. Miles|Dutch]], and [[Michael Crespo|Mickey]], respectively. Their in-game dialogue contains multiple references to ''Firefly''. Commonly heard references include ''"Gorram"'', ''"Gorramit"'' and, in ''Halo 3'', ''"Shiny, the Chief is here."''
**Marines voiced by Adam Baldwin can be heard saying, ''"Say 'hi' to Vera!"'' and ''"Gee, it'd be nice if we brought some ''grenades'', wouldn't it?!"'' The former is a reference to Jayne Cobb's [[firefly:Callahan Full-bore Auto-lock|favorite weapon]], while the latter is a direct quote from Jayne. 
*[[Reynolds|Gunnery Sergeant Reynolds]], (who is voiced by Nathan Fillion), is named in reference to Malcolm Reynolds, Fillion's character from ''Firefly'' and ''Serenity''. Fillion returned in ''Halo 3: ODST'' as [[Edward Buck|Gunnery Sergeant Edward Buck]], who boasts a very similar personality to Reynolds and is based on Fillion's likeness.
*Mickey in ''Halo 3: ODST'' has previously served as a pilot and serves as an impromptu pilot for the squad during the events of the game. Alan Tudyk's character in ''Firefly'' and ''Serenity'', Hoban "Wash" Washburn, is the pilot of the [[firefly:Serenity|eponymous vessel]].
*The {{Class|Charon|light frigate}} has an enlarged cargo bay that greatly resembles that of the eponymous [[firefly:Firefly-class transport ship|03 ''Firefly'' class]], the class to which ''Serenity'' belongs.
*The name of the ''[[Halo: The Master Chief Collection]]'' achievement [[It Was Inevitable]] is a reference to the a scene from the episode "[[wikipedia:Serenity (Firefly episode)|Serenity]]", in which Wash is playing with two dinosaur models when the Tyrannosaurus turns on the Stegosaurus who then exclaims, "''Curse your sudden but inevitable betrayal!''". The quote was referenced again on ''[[Halo 5: Guardians]]'', with the second chapter of the [[Evacuation|fifth level]] named "''Sudden but Inevitable Betrayal''".

===Star Trek===
*In the [[Second Battle of Harvest]], the presence of 40 UNSC ships-of-the-line against one overwhelmingly powerful enemy ship strikes a remarkable resemblance to the [http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Star_Trek ''Star Trek''-Universe]'s Battle of Wolf 359. At Wolf-359 the [http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Federation Federation's] (or Humanity's) numerically superior fleet of 40 starships took on a single [http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Borg Borg] [http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Borg_cube Cube]. The results, however, were completely opposite to those of the Halo Universe. The Federation lost 39 of its 40 vessels, and the Borg Cube left the battle without so much as a scratch on its hull and moved on towards [[Earth]].<ref>[http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Battle_of_Wolf_359] '''Memory-Alpha''': ''Battle of Wolf 359''</ref>
*[[Spock]] is a cat seen in ''[[Halo Wars]]'' that may take its name from Mr. Spock from the Original Series.

==Literature==

===The Culture===
According to [[Jason Jones]], [[Wikipedia:Iain Banks|Iain M. Banks]]' [[Wikipedia:Culture series|''Culture'' series]] served as one of the principal sources of inspiration for the ''Halo'' series.<ref>[http://marathon.bungie.org/story/halo_culture.html '''Marathon Story Page''' (''Original source: PC Gamer (US) August 2000 issue'')]</ref>

*In ''[[Conversations from the Universe]]'', [[343 Guilty Spark]] calls the Covenant a "primitive, hegemonizing swarm"; in the ''Adjunct'' section of the re-release of ''[[Halo: The Flood]]'', Spark again refers to them as a "[[Technological Achievement Tiers|Tier 2]] Hegemonizing/Religio-political Swarm". In the Culture series, the titular [[Wikipedia:The Culture|Culture]] uses the classification "aggressive hegemonizing swarm" to refer to [[Wikipedia:Von Neumann probe|self-replicating entities]] which assimilate other life forms.
*The [[Halo Array|Halo rings]] are very similar in concept to [[Wikipedia:Orbital (The Culture)|Orbitals]] from the Culture series, although the Halos are significantly smaller.
*Many human ships in the ''Halo'' universe, particularly in the works of [[Joseph Staten]], have whimsical, unconventional names such as {{UNSCShip|Say My Name}}, {{UNSCShip|Tokyo Rules}} or {{UNSCShip|Bum Rush}}. A [[Wikipedia:List of spacecraft in the Culture series|similar nonstandard ship naming convention]] is a well-known staple of the ''Culture'' series.
**In ''[[Halo: Mortal Dictata]]'', when told about [[Kilo-Five]]'s new Pelican ''[[Bogof]]'' (''"Buy One, Get One Free"''), Evan Phillips jokingly comments on the "gravitas" of the dropship's name.<ref>'''Halo: Mortal Dictata''', ''pages 292-293''</ref> This is likely a nod to a running joke involving the incorporation of the word "gravitas" into the fanciful ship names of the Culture series.
*The [[Portal at Voi]] is also referred to as "the Excession at Voi" or simply "the Excession". This echoes the Culture's designation of the titular object in the novel ''[[Wikipedia:Excession|Excession]]''. Although different in scale and technology level, the term is also applied in a similar manner as in Banks' novel: an atypically high-technological object that presents what is referred to as an [[Wikipedia:Outside Context Problem|"Outside Context Problem"]] and may become a contested prize for multiple parties due to the potential technology it may contain.<ref>'''Halo: Evolutions''' — ''[[From the Office of Dr. William Arthur Iqbal]]''</ref>
*[[Neural interface]]s are also referred to as "neural laces", which is also a term used for the neurally-integrated data terminals used by Culture citizens.
*In the [[data pads]] in ''Halo: Reach'', members of the [[The Assembly|Assembly]] refer to themselves as "Minds", referencing the title given to the machine intellects which comprise the ''de facto'' leadership of the Culture.
*Banks' 1993 non-Culture novel ''[[Wikipedia:Against a Dark Background|Against a Dark Background]]'' makes a passing reference to a vast, sentient space habitat called "Halo".

===Gulliver's Travels===
[[Catherine Halsey|Dr. Catherine Halsey]], in complaining about the small size of the ''[[Han]]'', noted that it would be better suited to "Lilliputian ambassadors."<ref>''[[Dr. Halsey's personal journal]]''</ref>

===John Keats===
*John Keats' poem ''Ode on a Grecian Urn'' is referenced in one of the [[Mayday Texts]]. The quote "'Beauty is truth, truth beauty,' - that is all / Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know" is paraphrased in the statement "survive evade reveal escape. That is all you know, or need to know."
*While held in the clutches of the Gravemind, Cortana criticizes her captor's poetry, saying he is no Keats.<ref>'''[[Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe]]''' - ''[[Human Weakness]]''</ref>

===Lord of the Flies===
''[[Wikipedia:Lord of the Flies|Lord of the Flies]]'' is an allegorical novel written by William Golding in 1954. It discusses how culture created by man fails and how man shall always turn to barbarism, using parallels of a group of school-boys stuck on a deserted island who unsuccessfully try to govern themselves and consequently have disastrous results, leading to many acts of horrible barbarism and deaths. [[Franklin Mendez|CPO Mendez]] and [[Kurt-051]] had both read the book some time before beginning the training of the first generation of [[SPARTAN-III program|SPARTAN-III]] soldiers in [[2531]]. Mendez fears that the results of training hundreds of child soldiers would be similarly disastrous, but Kurt disagrees, believing he would provide the leadership to make the SPARTAN-IIIs successful.<ref>'''[[Halo: Ghosts of Onyx]]''', ''page 70''</ref>

===The Lord of the Rings===
When [[Amalea Petrov]] asks [[Olympia Vale]] and [[Thel 'Vadam]] about Cortana, with both avoiding speaking her name, Petrov asks if she's named Sauron.{{Ref/Novel|Id=HOut11|Out|Chapter=11}}

===Man in the Iron Mask===
''The Man in the Iron Mask'' is a novel written by Alexander Dumas in 1850. [[Catherine Halsey]] has read the novel. Remembering the terror she had felt as the noble prisoner had been encased in a metal shell, Halsey wondered how the [[John-117|Master Chief]] coped with the constant enclosure of his [[MJOLNIR armor|suit]].<ref>'''[[Halo: First Strike]]''', ''page 244''</ref>

===The Metamorphosis===
''The Metamorphosis'' by Franz Kafka is referenced in the quote displayed in the header of [[I Love Bees (Blog)]]: "One morning, as Gregor Samsa was waking up from anxious dreams, he discovered that in bed he had been changed into a monstrous verminous bug."<ref>[http://ilovebees.blogspot.com I Love Bees] [[I Love Bees (Blog)|(blog)]]</ref>

===Moby-Dick===
*In the fourteenth of the [[Mayday Texts]], the Operator says "If they're all dead and I alone am left to tell the tale", which bears similarity to "And I only am escaped alone to tell thee" from Job 1:17, included in the epilogue of Herman Melville's novel ''[[Wikipedia:Moby-Dick|Moby-Dick]]'', in the similar context of the main character having just survived a shipwreck.
*The achievements [[From Hell's Heart]] and [[I Thrust at Thee]] in ''[[Halo: Reach]]'' and ''[[Halo 4]]'', respectively, are named in reference to Captain Ahab's last words from the novel (''"...from hell's heart, I stab at thee!"'').

===Oz===
In [[Dr. Halsey's personal journal]], Halsey mentions her father recited every "adventurous tale of L. Frank Baum's Oz" to her when she was a child.

===Run Silent, Run Deep===
The nineteenth of the [[Mayday Texts]] includes the quote "got to run silent. got to run deep", which alludes to Edward L. Beach's Run Silent, Run Deep, a World War II submarine story based on ''Moby-Dick''.

===Skylark of Valeron===
The word "[[Needler]]" came from ''Skylark of Valeron'' by E. E. "Doc" Smith, a pioneer in science fiction.

===Starship Troopers===
*The [[SOEIV]] pods used by the ODSTs were inspired by the concept of orbital drop pods popularized by the novel.
*''Starship Troopers'' was one of the first science fiction stories to depict [[powered exoskeleton]]s, which are commonplace in the ''Halo'' universe.

===William Shakespeare===
*The achievement [[Alas, Poor Yorick]] references a line from ''Hamlet''.
*In the third [[Mayday Texts|Mayday Text]], the [[Operator]] says, "Those are pearls that were her eyes: / Nothing of her that doth fade / But doth suffer a sea-change / Into something rich and strange". This is nearly a direct quote from William Shakespeare's ''The Tempest'', but with "her" substituted for "his".
**She goes on to say "Eight legs (I feel them walking on me) and how many voices-three? Five? Eight? - I am become a most delicate monster indeed.", another reference to ''The Tempest''. The original quote is "Four legs and two voices: a most delicate monster!"
**Directly after, she makes another reference to ''The Tempest'' with "What a brave new world-sand and darkness, sand and loneliness, sand and emptiness, sand and the spider-what a brave new world, that hath such monsters in it." The original quote is "O brave new world / That has such people in't."
**In the fifth Mayday Text, she makes one more ''The Tempest'' reference with "All lost! To prayers, to prayers! All lost!" and "What, must our mouths be cold?" from the first scene of the play, during a shipwreck.
*[[Mack]]'s misquoting of Shakespeare is a running motif throughout ''Halo: Contact Harvest''.
*The name of the {{UNSCShip|Unto the Breach}}, a post-war [[Autumn-class heavy cruiser]], references a line from [[Wikipedia:Henry V (play)|''Henry V'']], [http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Henry_V_%28play%29 "Once more unto the breach"]. This is also referenced with the opening of the Halo: Reach level Pillar of Autumn which is labelled as "Once more unto the breach".

== Video games ==

=== Doom (1993) ===
In ''Halo 5: Guardians'', if the player selects [[Yabda]] as the announcer, plays a [[Warzone]] match, and has their teammates die to [[Promethean Knight]] bosses (e.g. [[Knight Headsman]]), Yabda may say "That Knight's knee-deep in dead human! What?", which is a reference to "Knee-Deep in the Dead", the first episode in ''Doom''.

=== Prince of Persia ===
In the [[axon]] [http://images.wikia.com/halo/images/a/ab/Shipwrecked.ogg shipwrecked], [[Kamal Zaman]] says "People think time is a river that flows in one direction, but time is an ocean." This is a reference to "Some say time is like a river that flows swift and sure in one direction, but I have seen the face of time and I can tell you they are wrong. Time is an ocean in a storm." said by the Prince in ''Prince of Persia''. Both characters are voiced by [[Wikipedia:Yuri Lowenthal|Yuri Lowenthal]].

== Music ==

=== Green Day ===
"Sometimes I give myself the creeps," a lyric from a [[wikipedia:Basket Case (song)|Green Day song]], is in ''Halo: Combat Evolved'' as an [[Multiplayer select screen Easter egg|Easter egg]].

=== Guns N' Roses ===
In ''[[Halo 5: Guardians]]'', the [[M739 SAW|SAW]] has an improved variant named the "Appetite for Destruction", whose name is a reference to the [[wikipedia:Appetite for Destruction|debut studio album of the same name]] by Guns N' Roses.

=== Michael Jackson ===
In ''Halo: Reach'', the [[Thriller]] multiplayer medal, awarded for infecting 15 humans in a row as a Zombie without dying in an [[Infection]] match, is a reference to the Michael Jackson song "Thriller".

=== Queen ===
Rarely in ''Halo: Combat Evolved'', or while having the [[IWHBYD]] skull on in ''[[Halo 3]]'', some [[Grunts]] will say "We are the champions," which is the name of a song by [[Wikipedia:Queen (band)|Queen]]. In 2014, 343 Industries released [[Rhythm|a trailer]] setting gameplay footage from the [[Halo: The Master Chief Collection|Master Chief Collection]] to [[Wikipedia:We Will Rock You|We Will Rock You]], using sound effects from the games to recreate the song.<ref>'''[[Rhythm]]'''</ref>

== Sources ==
{{Ref/Sources}}

{{Halo References}}
[[Category:Lists|Pop Culture]]