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Space warfare: Difference between revisions
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[[File:H2A - BattleofEarth.png|thumb|300px|An [[Battle of Earth|orbital engagement]] between the [[Covenant]]'s [[Fleet of Sacred Consecration]] and the [[UNSC Home Fleet]] over [[Earth]].]] | [[File:H2A - BattleofEarth.png|thumb|300px|An [[Battle of Earth|orbital engagement]] between the [[Covenant]]'s [[Fleet of Sacred Consecration]] and the [[UNSC Home Fleet]] over [[Earth]].]] | ||
'''Space warfare''' is the conduct of conflict between belligerents in space. The scale of space warfare ranges from exoatmospheric [[Space fighter|fighter]] skirmishes and [[boarding]] actions to battles between [[fleet]]s of [[warship]]s, which often decide the outcome of a given [[Battle|engagement]] or [[War|conflict]]. | '''Space warfare''' is the conduct of conflict between belligerents in space. The scale of space warfare ranges from exoatmospheric [[Space fighter|fighter]] skirmishes and [[Naval boarding|boarding]] actions to battles between [[fleet]]s of [[warship]]s, which often decide the outcome of a given [[Battle|engagement]] or [[War|conflict]]. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
[[File:H2A-fleet readout.jpg|thumb|left|250px|A tactical readout of the UNSC's [[Fifth Fleet]] engaging the Covenant [[Fleet of Sacred Consecration]] above [[Earth]].]] | [[File:H2A-fleet readout.jpg|thumb|left|250px|A tactical readout of the UNSC's [[Fifth Fleet]] engaging the Covenant [[Fleet of Sacred Consecration]] above [[Earth]].]] | ||
Space warfare evolved from engagements on a world's surface or in its atmosphere. With the invention of [[human]] space travel in the 20th century, many organizations and nations began to consider or invest in possible military operations conducted in space. In the late 21st century, humanity had become an interplanetary-faring species with colonies established in their [[Sol system|home system]]. The new outlet of travel and exploration would eventually lead to conflict.<ref>'''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]''', ''page 266'' (2011 edition)</ref> The dawn of the [[Interplanetary War]] and its associated engagements saw the formation of the [[United Nations Space Command]]'s [[UNSC Navy|Navy]] following the [[Mars Campaign]]. The campaign marked a turning-point in space warfare through dedicated utilizations of [[UNSC Marine Corps|Marine]] forces in ground assaults and ship-[[boarding]] operations that would follow during the war.<ref name="xbox">''Xbox.com'': The Halo Timeline (defunct, [[Archive:Xbox.com/Halo/Timeline|Archived]])</ref> | Space warfare evolved from engagements on a world's surface or in its atmosphere. With the invention of [[human]] space travel in the 20th century, many organizations and nations began to consider or invest in possible military operations conducted in space. In the late 21st century, humanity had become an interplanetary-faring species with colonies established in their [[Sol system|home system]]. The new outlet of travel and exploration would eventually lead to conflict.<ref>'''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]''', ''page 266'' (2011 edition)</ref> The dawn of the [[Interplanetary War]] and its associated engagements saw the formation of the [[United Nations Space Command]]'s [[UNSC Navy|Navy]] following the [[Mars Campaign]]. The campaign marked a turning-point in space warfare through dedicated utilizations of [[UNSC Marine Corps|Marine]] forces in ground assaults and ship-[[Naval boarding|boarding]] operations that would follow during the war.<ref name="xbox">''Xbox.com'': The Halo Timeline (defunct, [[Archive:Xbox.com/Halo/Timeline|Archived]])</ref> | ||
In the late 23rd century, humanity invented and began to utilize the [[Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine]] on their spacecraft, allowing human ships to travel through [[slipstream space]] to reach destinations light-years away.<ref>'''Halo Encyclopedia: The Definitive Guide to the Halo Universe''', ''page 43'' (2011 edition)</ref> The UNSC Navy only conducted low-level operations, such as anti-[[piracy]] actions, until the [[Insurrection]], which forced the Navy to develop a modern space warfare doctrine. Following the [[Callisto Incident]] of [[2494]], the numerous small-scale space engagements occurred between the UNSC Navy and [[Insurrectionist]]s across human space.<ref name="evolutions cole">'''Halo: Evolutions''', "The Impossible Life and the Possible Death of Preston J. Cole"</ref> While [[Unified Ground Command]] (UNICOM) oversees planetary campaigns, orbital defenses and space-based combat is directed by [[UNSC Naval Command]] (NAVCOM). | In the late 23rd century, humanity invented and began to utilize the [[Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine]] on their spacecraft, allowing human ships to travel through [[slipstream space]] to reach destinations light-years away.<ref>'''Halo Encyclopedia: The Definitive Guide to the Halo Universe''', ''page 43'' (2011 edition)</ref> The UNSC Navy only conducted low-level operations, such as anti-[[piracy]] actions, until the [[Insurrection]], which forced the Navy to develop a modern space warfare doctrine. Following the [[Callisto Incident]] of [[2494]], the numerous small-scale space engagements occurred between the UNSC Navy and [[Insurrectionist]]s across human space.<ref name="evolutions cole">'''Halo: Evolutions''', "The Impossible Life and the Possible Death of Preston J. Cole"</ref> While [[Unified Ground Command]] (UNICOM) oversees planetary campaigns, orbital defenses and space-based combat is directed by [[UNSC Naval Command]] (NAVCOM). | ||
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====Single ships==== | ====Single ships==== | ||
While naval combat is the purview of capital ships, smaller craft are used by the [[UNSC Navy]], [[UNSC Air Force]], and [[Covenant fleet]] in a number of roles. The most common human starfighter, the [[GA-TL1 Longsword]], is able to perform a wide range of combat operations including escort, [[Space mine|minelaying]], spacefighter interdiction and direct action against even capital ships, using a range of variable armaments.<ref>'''Halo: The Essential Visual Guide''', ''page 112''</ref> The smaller [[F-41 Broadsword]] is similarly capable of performing a number of mission roles.<ref>'''Halo 4: The Essential Visual Guide''', ''page 114''</ref> The advanced [[FSS-1000 Sabre]] fighter saw use during the [[Fall of Reach]] and is still employed in more limited numbers by the [[Office of Naval Intelligence]] to protect classified sites.<ref>'''Halo 4: The Essential Visual Guide''', ''page 147''</ref> The spacefighter class pioneered the use of energy shielding on human spacecraft, which was later adopted by modernized Broadswords.<ref>'''Halo Waypoint''': The Halo Bulletin: 9.24.14</ref> Both use a combination of 30mm and 35mm autocannons (respectively) and [[ST/Medusa missile]] payloads to engage enemy forces. During [[boarding]] operations, UNSC forces use specialized [[Pelican]] dropship variants to cut through the outer hull of a ship and deploy forces within to secure it.<ref>'''Halo Wars: Genesis'''</ref> | While naval combat is the purview of capital ships, smaller craft are used by the [[UNSC Navy]], [[UNSC Air Force]], and [[Covenant fleet]] in a number of roles. The most common human starfighter, the [[GA-TL1 Longsword]], is able to perform a wide range of combat operations including escort, [[Space mine|minelaying]], spacefighter interdiction and direct action against even capital ships, using a range of variable armaments.<ref>'''Halo: The Essential Visual Guide''', ''page 112''</ref> The smaller [[F-41 Broadsword]] is similarly capable of performing a number of mission roles.<ref>'''Halo 4: The Essential Visual Guide''', ''page 114''</ref> The advanced [[FSS-1000 Sabre]] fighter saw use during the [[Fall of Reach]] and is still employed in more limited numbers by the [[Office of Naval Intelligence]] to protect classified sites.<ref>'''Halo 4: The Essential Visual Guide''', ''page 147''</ref> The spacefighter class pioneered the use of energy shielding on human spacecraft, which was later adopted by modernized Broadswords.<ref>'''Halo Waypoint''': The Halo Bulletin: 9.24.14</ref> Both use a combination of 30mm and 35mm autocannons (respectively) and [[ST/Medusa missile]] payloads to engage enemy forces. During [[Naval boarding|boarding]] operations, UNSC forces use specialized [[Pelican]] dropship variants to cut through the outer hull of a ship and deploy forces within to secure it.<ref>'''Halo Wars: Genesis'''</ref> | ||
The Covenant's primary spacefighter is the [[Type-31 Seraph]] fighter, used in a similar role to the Longsword in escort, interdiction and direct action engagements by the less durable but more numerous {{Pattern|Elsedda|Banshee}} and heavily armed {{Pattern|R'shwupa|Phantom}}s.<ref>'''Halo Encyclopedia: The Definitive Guide to the Halo Universe''', ''page 283 (2011 edition)''</ref><ref>'''Halo: Reach''', campaign level ''Long Night of Solace''</ref> Covenant troops use [[Ru'swum-pattern Phantom|Type-44]] and {{Pattern|Ru'swum|Phantom}} dropships and {{R'sisho-pattern Tickother boarding craft]] to deliver boarding teams to secure hostile ships or space stations.<ref>'''Halo 2''', campaign level ''[[Cairo Station]]''</ref><ref>'''Halo 4''', campaign level ''[[Dawn]]''</ref> | The Covenant's primary spacefighter is the [[Type-31 Seraph]] fighter, used in a similar role to the Longsword in escort, interdiction and direct action engagements by the less durable but more numerous {{Pattern|Elsedda|Banshee}} and heavily armed {{Pattern|R'shwupa|Phantom}}s.<ref>'''Halo Encyclopedia: The Definitive Guide to the Halo Universe''', ''page 283 (2011 edition)''</ref><ref>'''Halo: Reach''', campaign level ''Long Night of Solace''</ref> Covenant troops use [[Ru'swum-pattern Phantom|Type-44]] and {{Pattern|Ru'swum|Phantom}} dropships and {{R'sisho-pattern Tickother boarding craft]] to deliver boarding teams to secure hostile ships or space stations.<ref>'''Halo 2''', campaign level ''[[Cairo Station]]''</ref><ref>'''Halo 4''', campaign level ''[[Dawn]]''</ref> | ||