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=====The Apex and the Arbiter (2531)=====
=====The Apex and the Arbiter (2531)=====
Despite their major numerical and technological advantages over humanity, by [[2531]], the Covenant High Prophets had realized that the task of destroying an entire sapient species had a logistical burden beyond anything that the [[Covenant military]] could muster without leaving Covenant space defenseless.<ref name="HWscarab">'''[[Halo Wars]]''', campaign level ''[[Scarab (Level)|Scarab]]''</ref> In spite of the UNSC's inferiority in comparison to the Covenant, the Prophets apparently considered their armed forces to be powerful enough to pose a threat to the Covenant proper. Seeking a more efficient solution, the [[Prophet of Regret]] dispatched [[Ripa 'Moramee|an Arbiter]] to Harvest to claim a Forerunner [[Relic (location)|artifact]] buried under the north pole of Harvest.<ref>'''Halo Wars''', campaign level, ''[[Alpha Base (Halo Wars level)|Alpha Base]]''</ref>
Despite their major numerical and technological advantages over humanity, by [[2531]], the Covenant High Prophets had realized that the task of destroying an entire sapient species had a logistical burden beyond anything that the [[Covenant military]] could muster without leaving Covenant space defenseless.<ref name="HWscarab">'''[[Halo Wars]]''', campaign level ''[[Scarab (Level)|Scarab]]''</ref> Seeking a more efficient solution, the [[Prophet of Regret]] dispatched [[Ripa 'Moramee|an Arbiter]] to Harvest to claim a Forerunner [[Relic (location)|artifact]] buried under the north pole of Harvest.<ref>'''Halo Wars''', campaign level, ''[[Alpha Base (Halo Wars level)|Alpha Base]]''</ref> Upon discovering that 'Moramee had excavated the Forerunner artifacts, [[Captain (Navy)|Captain]] [[James Cutter]] deployed ground forces to remove the Covenant occupation. After a heated fight on the surface, the UNSC forces were able to examine the artifact, a star map, and realized the information within had led the Covenant to another human colony: [[Arcadia]].<ref name="city">'''[[Halo Wars]]''', campaign level, ''[[Arcadia City]]''</ref>
 
Preston Cole counterattacked by leading a fleet composed of the {{UNSCShip|Spirit of Fire}} and the {{UNSCShip|Prophecy}} back to Harvest after receiving a message from an [[ONI]] [[UNSC prowler|prowler]]. The battle was a victory, despite major casualties.{{Ref/Reuse|Genesis}} Upon discovering that the Covenant, under the command of 'Moramee, had excavated Forerunner artifacts in the northern polar region, [[Captain (Navy)|Captain]] [[James Cutter]] deployed ground forces to remove the Covenant occupation. After a heated fight on the surface, the UNSC forces were able to examine the artifact, a star map, and realized the information within had led the Covenant to another human colony: [[Arcadia]].<ref name="city">'''[[Halo Wars]]''', campaign level, ''[[Arcadia City]]''</ref>


[[File:ApexBattleImage.png|thumb|200px|The {{UNSCShip|Spirit of Fire}} engages the {{Pattern|Sinaris|heavy destroyer}} ''[[Proclamation's Tithe]]'' in [[Trove]].]]
[[File:ApexBattleImage.png|thumb|200px|The {{UNSCShip|Spirit of Fire}} engages the {{Pattern|Sinaris|heavy destroyer}} ''[[Proclamation's Tithe]]'' in [[Trove]].]]
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Throughout the 2540s, the UNSC was dealt ever greater blows with the death of the SPARTAN-II [[Sheila-065]] during the [[Battle of Miridem]] in 2544,<ref>'''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx''', ''page 173''</ref> followed by the [[Battle of Actium|defeat at Actium]] in [[2545]],<ref>[http://halo.xbox.com/en-us/intel/featured/video/herocourage/c2ada678-e9ce-4db9-9ce9-1864070bd198 '''Halo Waypoint''' video, ''Hero-Courage'']</ref> defeat during the [[Fall of Arcadia]]<ref>'''[[Dr. Halsey's personal journal]]'''</ref> and the [[Siege of Paris IV|loss of Paris IV]] in 2549.<ref>''Halo: First Strike'', p. 244</ref> One of the UNSC's success was [[Operation: TORPEDO]] in 2545. The loss of 298 SPARTAN-IIIs was ultimately considered acceptable losses by UNSC High Command.<ref name=Onyx27 >''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx'', p. 21</ref> The SPARTAN-II raid on the [[Third Fleet of Glorious Consequence]] to recover a captive Dr. Halsey further proved the Covenant Empire was overwhelmingly powerful, but not invincible.<ref>'''[[Halo Legends]]''', ''[[The Package (animated short)|The Package]]''</ref>
Throughout the 2540s, the UNSC was dealt ever greater blows with the death of the SPARTAN-II [[Sheila-065]] during the [[Battle of Miridem]] in 2544,<ref>'''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx''', ''page 173''</ref> followed by the [[Battle of Actium|defeat at Actium]] in [[2545]],<ref>[http://halo.xbox.com/en-us/intel/featured/video/herocourage/c2ada678-e9ce-4db9-9ce9-1864070bd198 '''Halo Waypoint''' video, ''Hero-Courage'']</ref> defeat during the [[Fall of Arcadia]]<ref>'''[[Dr. Halsey's personal journal]]'''</ref> and the [[Siege of Paris IV|loss of Paris IV]] in 2549.<ref>''Halo: First Strike'', p. 244</ref> One of the UNSC's success was [[Operation: TORPEDO]] in 2545. The loss of 298 SPARTAN-IIIs was ultimately considered acceptable losses by UNSC High Command.<ref name=Onyx27 >''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx'', p. 21</ref> The SPARTAN-II raid on the [[Third Fleet of Glorious Consequence]] to recover a captive Dr. Halsey further proved the Covenant Empire was overwhelmingly powerful, but not invincible.<ref>'''[[Halo Legends]]''', ''[[The Package (animated short)|The Package]]''</ref>


Of the few major wins in the 2540's for the UNSC, and one of the most significant and strategically advantageous was the [[Battle of Psi Serpentis]] in 2543. This engagement became colloquially known as Admiral Cole's last stand due to the presumed death of [[Preston Jeremiah Cole|Admiral Preston J. Cole]]. In addition to the alleged death of Cole, over 300 [[Covenant Empire|Covenant]] vessels, two fleets worth, were completely vaporized when [[UNSC]] [[Nuclear weapon|nuclear missiles]] detonated inside the atmosphere of [[Viperidae]], a supermassive gas giant. This detonation spurred spontaneous fusion at the core of Viperidae, temporarily turning the super gas giant into a brown dwarf star.<ref name="Psi Serpentis">''Halo: Evolutions'', "The Impossible Life and the Possible Death of Preston J. Cole", p. 476-482</ref> Cole's achievements in this battle alone were only rivaled by the [[Operation: FIRST STRIKE|destruction]] of the ''[[Unyielding Hierophant]]'' and the actions of [[John-117|Spartan-117]] throughout the course of the war.{{Ref/Reuse|Alamo}} A painting depicting the battle, titled "[[Admiral Cole's Last Stand]]" was created and by [[2552]], it hung on the wall of the [[HIGHCOM Facility Bravo-6]] on [[Sydney]], Earth.<ref>''[[Halo: Evolutions]]'', "[[The Impossible Life and the Possible Death of Preston J. Cole]]", p. 472-485</ref>
Of the few major wins in the 2540's for the UNSC, and one of the most significant and strategically advantageous was the [[Battle of Psi Serpentis]] in 2543. This engagement became colloquially known as Admiral Cole's last stand due to the presumed death of [[Preston Jeremiah Cole|Admiral Preston J. Cole]]. In addition to the alleged death of Cole, over 300 [[Covenant Empire|Covenant]] vessels, two fleets worth, were completely vaporized when [[UNSC]] [[Nuclear weapon|nuclear missiles]] detonated inside the atmosphere of [[Viperidae]], a supermassive gas giant. This detonation spurred spontaneous fusion at the core of Viperidae, temporarily turning the super gas giant into a brown dwarf star.<ref name="Psi Serpentis">''Halo: Evolutions'', "The Impossible Life and the Possible Death of Preston J. Cole", p. 476-482</ref> Cole's achievements in this battle alone were only rivaled by the [[Operation: FIRST STRIKE|destruction]] of the ''[[Unyielding Hierophant]]'' and the actions of [[John-117|Spartan-117]] throughout the course of the war.{{Ref/Reuse|Alamo}}


[[File:Covenant assault - 2.png|thumb|left|225px|[[Civilian]]s on a human colony world under siege by a Covenant invasion force.]]
[[File:Covenant assault - 2.png|thumb|left|225px|[[Civilian]]s on a human colony world under siege by a Covenant invasion force.]]
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The Covenant suffered a costly defeat on and around [[Installation 04]]. Here, the human survivors from the [[Halcyon-class light cruiser|''Halcyon''-class cruiser]], the ''Pillar of Autumn'', managed to form an effective and surprising resistance to the Covenant. Unwilling to risk damaging the [[Halo|sacred ring]], the Covenant was forced to fight the humans on Halo's surface rather than using their usual bombardment tactics.<ref>''[[Halo: The Flood]]'', p. 187</ref> The Covenant found the UNSC very adept at fighting on the ring's surface, employing their firearms and vehicles in classic guerrilla raids. The Covenant was soundly defeated in numerous raids led by SPARTAN [[John-117]], including an attack on a grounded cruiser, the ''[[Truth and Reconciliation]]'', successfully escaping with the captain of the ''Pillar of Autumn'', Captain Jacob Keyes.<ref>''[[Halo: Combat Evolved]]'', campaign level, [[The Truth and Reconciliation]]</ref> The battle on Halo then suddenly took a turn for the worst for both sides when the Covenant accidentally released an ancient and deadly parasitic race called [[the Flood]]. The Flood, having been imprisoned within Halo for many thousands of years, instinctively spread quickly throughout the ring, killing or assimilating every unsuspecting human and Covenant in their path and would become a third party in the war.<ref>''Halo: Combat Evolved'', campaign level, [[343 Guilty Spark (level)|343 Guilty Spark]]</ref>
The Covenant suffered a costly defeat on and around [[Installation 04]]. Here, the human survivors from the [[Halcyon-class light cruiser|''Halcyon''-class cruiser]], the ''Pillar of Autumn'', managed to form an effective and surprising resistance to the Covenant. Unwilling to risk damaging the [[Halo|sacred ring]], the Covenant was forced to fight the humans on Halo's surface rather than using their usual bombardment tactics.<ref>''[[Halo: The Flood]]'', p. 187</ref> The Covenant found the UNSC very adept at fighting on the ring's surface, employing their firearms and vehicles in classic guerrilla raids. The Covenant was soundly defeated in numerous raids led by SPARTAN [[John-117]], including an attack on a grounded cruiser, the ''[[Truth and Reconciliation]]'', successfully escaping with the captain of the ''Pillar of Autumn'', Captain Jacob Keyes.<ref>''[[Halo: Combat Evolved]]'', campaign level, [[The Truth and Reconciliation]]</ref> The battle on Halo then suddenly took a turn for the worst for both sides when the Covenant accidentally released an ancient and deadly parasitic race called [[the Flood]]. The Flood, having been imprisoned within Halo for many thousands of years, instinctively spread quickly throughout the ring, killing or assimilating every unsuspecting human and Covenant in their path and would become a third party in the war.<ref>''Halo: Combat Evolved'', campaign level, [[343 Guilty Spark (level)|343 Guilty Spark]]</ref>


During the course of the battle, John 117 discovered the true nature of Halo and proceeded to detonate the crashed ''Pillar of Autumn's'' engines, destroying the ring, and escaped, much to the Covenant's horrified dismay.<ref>'''Halo: Combat Evolved''', campaign level, ''[[The Maw]]''</ref> The destruction of the holy Halo construct and the later loss of the [[flagship]] ''[[Ascendant Justice]]'' to the surviving UNSC forces led to [[Supreme Commander]] [[Thel 'Vadamee]] being disgraced and demoted before being branded with the [[Mark of Shame]], leaving him dead in the eyes of the [[Sangheili]]. Only the intervention of the [[Prophet of Truth]] prevented 'Vadamee's certain execution. He was instead given the title of [[Arbiter]] and sent to quell a [[List of known Covenant heretics|heretic]] uprising that had taken root on the [[Threshold gas mine|Forerunner gas mine]] over [[Threshold]].<ref name="thearbiter">''[[Halo 2]]'', campaign level, [[The Arbiter]]</ref>
During the course of the battle, John 117 discovered the true nature of Halo and proceeded to detonate the crashed ''Pillar of Autumn's'' engines, destroying the ring, and escaped.<ref>'''Halo: Combat Evolved''', campaign level, ''[[The Maw]]''</ref> The destruction of the holy Halo led to [[Supreme Commander]] [[Thel 'Vadamee]] being disgraced and demoted before being branded with the [[Mark of Shame]], leaving him dead in the eyes of the [[Sangheili]]. Only the intervention of the [[Prophet of Truth]] prevented 'Vadamee's certain execution. He was instead given the title of [[Arbiter]] and sent to quell a [[List of known Covenant heretics|heretic]] uprising that had taken root on the [[Threshold gas mine|Forerunner gas mine]] over [[Threshold]].<ref name="thearbiter">''[[Halo 2]]'', campaign level, [[The Arbiter]]</ref>


[[File:Fifth Fleet - H2A.png|thumb|left|300px|The [[UNSC]] [[UNSC Home Fleet|Home Fleet]] shortly before the Covenant attack on Earth.]]
[[File:Fifth Fleet - H2A.png|thumb|left|300px|The [[UNSC]] [[UNSC Home Fleet|Home Fleet]] shortly before the Covenant attack on Earth.]]
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=====Arrival of the Flood and Human-Sangheili victory=====
=====Arrival of the Flood and Human-Sangheili victory=====
[[File:Final meeting 7.png|thumb|250px|The Sangheili and humans make ready to finish Truth and the Covenant.]]  
[[File:Final meeting 7.png|thumb|250px|The Sangheili and humans make ready to finish Truth and the Covenant.]]  
{{Quote|In memory of those fallen in the defense of Earth and her colonies - March 3, 2553|[[Voi Memorial]]}}


Following the Flood infestation of ''High Charity'', the High Prophet of Truth led his remaining fleet to Earth to complete what his occupation forces on Earth had started. Little did he realize that a SPARTAN-II had stowed away with him on board his Dreadnought. By the time Truth arrived at Earth, a full-scale battle in space and on the ground was underway between UNSC and [[Covenant fleet]]s.<ref name="bnet">[http://halo.bungie.net/News/content.aspx?type=topnews&cid=16989 '''Bungie.net''': ''Bungie Weekly Update: 01/23/09 '']</ref>
Following the Flood infestation of ''High Charity'', the High Prophet of Truth led his remaining fleet to Earth to complete what his occupation forces on Earth had started. Little did he realize that a SPARTAN-II had stowed away with him on board his Dreadnought. By the time Truth arrived at Earth, a full-scale battle in space and on the ground was underway between UNSC and [[Covenant fleet]]s.<ref name="bnet">[http://halo.bungie.net/News/content.aspx?type=topnews&cid=16989 '''Bungie.net''': ''Bungie Weekly Update: 01/23/09 '']</ref>
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