@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Status|RealWorld}}
 {{#widget:YouTube|id=bnJ0Y4So_Cc|width=400|right}}
-'''Sangheili''' is a constructed language created for the ''[[Halo: The Television Series]]'' co-created by linguists [[Wikipedia:David J. Peterson|David J. Peterson]], creator of the Dothraki language used in ''Game of Thrones'',{{Ref/Twitter|k_wolfkill|1507493397807788032|Kiki Wolfkill|Quote=@CharlieBMurphy literally learned an entire new language and performed beautifully in that language.  Unreal. Language created by David Peterson who created Dothraki for GoT #HaloWatchParty|D=25|M=03|Y=2022}} and Carl Buck.{{Ref/Twitter|tlacamazatl|1506947170490060800|C. Buck|Quote=If you have #ParamountPlus, are a fan of #HaloSeries , and enjoy a good #conlang. You might be interested to know that I helped @Dedalvs develop the language for the Covenant.|D=6|M=04|Y=2022}} Both conlangers began jointly developing the Sangheili language nearly three years prior to the series premiere.<ref>[https://archiveofourown.org/series/2828287 Archive of Our Own -  Conlang Dialogue: Halo (Paramount+)]</ref> By early [[2022]], Carl Buck estimated they had crafted close to 250 Sangheili words, those being base words and not variations of verbs and nouns. Actress [[Wikipedia:Charlie Murphy (actress)|Charlie Murphy]] learned to speak Sangheili for her role as [[Makee]] on the show and was noted to have done a phenomenal job capturing the emphasis, pitch and pronunciations of the alien language.{{Ref/YouTube|Id=S101|bnJ0Y4So_Cc|Halo The Series|Learn To Speak Sangheili|Y=2023|M=8|D=28}}
+'''Sangheili''' is a constructed language created for the ''[[Halo: The Television Series]]'' co-created by linguists [[Wikipedia:David J. Peterson|David J. Peterson]], creator of the Dothraki and Valyrian languages used in ''Game of Thrones'' and Chakobsa language in ''Dune'' (''Parts 1 & 2''){{Ref/Twitter|k_wolfkill|1507493397807788032|Kiki Wolfkill|Quote=@CharlieBMurphy literally learned an entire new language and performed beautifully in that language.  Unreal. Language created by David Peterson who created Dothraki for GoT #HaloWatchParty|D=25|M=03|Y=2022}}, and Carl Buck.{{Ref/Twitter|tlacamazatl|1506947170490060800|C. Buck|Quote=If you have #ParamountPlus, are a fan of #HaloSeries , and enjoy a good #conlang. You might be interested to know that I helped @Dedalvs develop the language for the Covenant.|D=6|M=04|Y=2022}} Both conlangers began jointly developing the Sangheili language nearly three years prior to the series premiere.<ref>[https://archiveofourown.org/series/2828287 Archive of Our Own -  Conlang Dialogue: Halo (Paramount+)]</ref> By early [[2022]], Carl Buck estimated they had crafted close to 250 Sangheili words, those being base words and not variations of verbs and nouns. Actress [[Wikipedia:Charlie Murphy (actress)|Charlie Murphy]] learned to speak Sangheili for her role as [[Makee]] on the show and was noted to have done a phenomenal job capturing the emphasis, pitch and pronunciations of the alien language.{{Ref/YouTube|Id=S101|bnJ0Y4So_Cc|Halo The Series|Learn To Speak Sangheili|Y=2023|M=8|D=28}}
 Peterson posts transcripts for the words and their translations on his [https://wiki.languageinvention.com/index.php?title=Sangheili_language language wiki], as well as in a series of posts on ''Archive of Our Own'', accessible [https://archiveofourown.org/series/2828287 here]. See also [https://dedalvs.com/work/halo/ David Peterson's records here] and his additional informative [https://www.halopedia.org/Archive:Twitter_-_David_J._Peterson_Sangheili_primer Tweets archived here].
@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 {{#widget:YouTube|id=sS7dXXBmOqU|width=350|gallery}}
 {{#widget:YouTube|id=JsjB9g176EU|width=350|gallery}}
+{{#widget:YouTube|id=Hw73SWQe3iQ|width=350|gallery}}
+==About==
+During the development of Paramount+'s ''Halo'' adaptation, [[343 Industries]] consulted with David Peterson and Carl Buck to examine the Elites as language experts, and then create a more robust and complete Sangheili language which reflected their actual physiology.{{Ref/Site|Id=Debrief|URL=https://www.halowaypoint.com/news/silver-debrief-unmasked|Site=Halo Waypoint|Page=Silver Debrief: Unmasked|D=12|M=3|Y=2024}} The language they devised for the series borrowed minimally from past ''Halo'' material and video games as previous dialogue crafted for Covenant speak was primarily gibberish.{{Ref/Site|Id=Imeimei|URL=https://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/741879670666100736/re-inspiration-not-really-it-was-all-gibberish|Site=Tumblr|Page=Dedalvs|Quote=Inspiration, not really. It was all gibberish. Specifically, for the later games, they’d just throw the lines into Google Translate, translate them to Japanese, reverse them, and have the voice actors read it. This is rather common for video games.|D=12|M=3|Y=2024}} For instance the word "''domo''" for "human" and the negative "''eya''" come directly from the latter games. The games' famous word "''wort''"  for "go" did not fit phonologically and was altered to "''warut'o''."
 ==Overview==
@@ Line 335: / Line 339: @@
 ::'''<u>K'uucho o</u> domo ruuk'inatan''' — ''"<u>the warrior</u> attacked the human"''
-:::*K'uucho is followed by ''o'' because it's the warrior that caused the attack on the human. Domo gets no mark.
+:::*K'uucho is followed by ''o'' because it's the warrior that caused the attack on the human. Domo, the recipient in the sentence, gets no mark.
 ::'''<u>K'uucho</u> mejayatan''' — ''"<u>the warrior</u> is ready"''
@@ Line 399: / Line 403: @@
 !Ergative
 | o
-| Used after a noun to mark it as the subject of a transitive verb (a verb with an object).
+| Used after a noun to mark it as the subject of a transitive verb (a verb that accepts an object).
 |-style="text-align: center
 !Illative
@@ Line 413: / Line 417: @@
 | Used to address or gain someone's attention directly. "Hey, Oh, ''O ye''..."
 |}
+[[File:Sangheili conlang cases.png|thumb|350px|Sangheili locative cases.]]
 The locative cases are analogous to the following English prepositions{{Ref/Twitter|Dedalvs|1511092864859602944|David J. Peterson|Quote=The locative cases are analogous to the following English prepositions: Ablative: wele ga “from the ship” Adessive: wele ni “on the ship” Allative: wele oni “to the ship” Elative: wele ba “out of the ship” Illative: wele zhi “into the ship” Inessive: wele me “in the ship"|D=6|M=04|Y=2022}}:
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
-! Locative Case !! Example !! Translation
+! Locative Case !! Example !! Translation !! Example Sentences
 |-style="text-align: center
 ! Ga
 | wele ga
 | from the ship, away from the ship
+| K'uucho wele ga jayatan.  (''The warriors came from the ship.'')
 |-style="text-align: center
 ! Ni
 | wele ni
 | by the ship, on the ship
+| K'uucho welegoja ni ts'aha.  (''The warriors are on the bridge.'')
 |-style="text-align: center
 ! Oni
 | wele oni
 | onto the ship
+| Wele oni warut'o!  (''Go to the ship!'')
 |-style="text-align: center
 ! Ba
 | wele ba
 | out of the ship
+| K'uucho wele ba jayatan.  (''The warrior came out of the ship.'')
 |-style="text-align: center
 ! Zhi
 | wele zhi
 | into the ship
+| K'uucho wele zhi waruutan.  (''The warrior went into the ship.'')
 |-style="text-align: center
 ! Me
 | wele me
 | inside the ship, within the ship
+| K'uucho wele me ts'aha.  (''The warriors are in the ship.'')
 |}
@@ Line 586: / Line 596: @@
 | '''Future''' <br/><br/><small>(An action will come in the future)</small> || '''Future''' <br/><br/><small>(A state or condition will occur later)</small> || -(i)jaga (or -chaga)
 |}
+* Every Sangheili verb has a reduplicated form, which may occasionally deviate from regular patterns, yet remains somewhat foreseeable.
+* Verbs in both the indicative and interrogative modes have positive and negative forms as well.
@@ Line 603: / Line 617: @@
 ''Example questions'':
-* ''Ghashank'o. Mu sachahe?'' - The demon. He's sure?
+* ''Ghashank'o. Mu sachahe?'' — The demon. He's sure?
-* ''K'e sachahe, Hirajo?'' - Are you certain, Blessed One?
+* ''K'e sachahe, Hirajo?'' — Are you certain, Blessed One?
-* ''Ikhi k'e o ch'anik'ojahe?'' - Do you see now?
+* ''Ikhi k'e o ch'anik'ojahe?'' — Do you see now?
-* ''Q'a riin ni tkha jayetanjahe?'' - But it did not make its way back to us?
+* ''Q'a riin ni tkha jayetanjahe?'' — But it did not make its way back to us?
-* ''Juukhojo ine ga waawotkhijahe?'' - This is what the prophets fear?
+* ''Juukhojo ine ga waawotkhijahe?'' — This is what the prophets fear?
+===<u>Copular constructions</u>===
+Sangheili generally uses zero-copula constructions, meaning the copular verb "to be" (and its forms: am, is, are) is often dropped from sentences when the meaning is understood from the context.
+::* ''K'uucho haala.'' — The warrior is strong. ("The warrior strong")
+::* ''Ne bekkhajo riin o maamaro gha.'' — This creature is what we seek. ("This creature what we seek")
+::* ''Ine ii zap'atu.'' — This was no victory. ("This not victory")
+However, Sangheili does have a locative copula, <u>ts'aha</u> (to be at):
+::* ''Maamaro gha ogha ni <u>ts'aha</u>''. — "What we seek <u>is</u> close."
+::* ''Ghaamos riin nis <u>ts'aha</u>?'' — "Why <u>are</u> we here?"
@@ Line 627: / Line 657: @@
 | '''Ghaakhe'''
 | how much
+|-
+| '''Ghaamos'''
+| why, how come
+|-
+| '''Ghaijo'''
+| who
 |}
@@ Line 647: / Line 683: @@
 |-align="center"
 ! Negative (indicating absence)
-| ii - ''not, none''|| colspan=2 | ngajo - ''no one, nobody''|| ngamaas - ''nowhere''
+| ii - ''no, not''|| colspan=2 | ngajo - ''none, no one''|| ngamaas - ''nowhere''
 |-
 |}
@@ Line 667: / Line 703: @@
 |}
-==Sangheili lines & outtakes by David Peterson==
+==Sangheili lines & outtakes==
-{{Center|— [[Season 1 Sangheili Dialogue]] —}}
+{{Center|— [[Halopedia:Projects/Season 1 Sangheili dialogue|Season 1 Sangheili Dialogue]] —}}
-{{Center|— [[Season 2 Sangheili Dialogue]] —}}
+{{Center|— [[Halopedia:Projects/Season 2 Sangheili dialogue|Season 2 Sangheili Dialogue]] —}}
@@ Line 685: / Line 721: @@
 | Qkhe p'os. Sugakho. || (Oh shit) ([[Needler]])
 |-
-| Yodu Shandi ni Ch'awaruut'u ba pumo jayajaga. || Soon the Covenant will begin it's Great Journey.
+| Yodu Shandi ni Ch'awaruut'u ba pumo jayajaga. || Soon the Covenant will begin it's Great Journey. (Soon the start of the Covenant's Great Journey will come.)
 |}
@@ Line 877: / Line 913: @@
 </gallery>
-==Vocabulary==
+==Vocabulary List==
 ===Transcribed words===
 The following words were transcribed phonetically and showcased in Episode 4 of the TV series.
@@ Line 890: / Line 926: @@
 ===Basic Nouns / Names===
+*''Buulo Ch'awaat'u'' : [[High Charity]]
 *''Ch'adomo'' : Spartan(s)
 *''Ch'ambuujo'' : Hierarch(s)
-*''Ch'anggagomo'' : [[Halo Array|Halo]], The Halo Ring
+*''Ch'anggagomo'' : [[Halo Array|Halo]], the Ring
 **''Qkhado Ch'anggagomo'' : The Sacred Ring, The Holy Ring
 *''Ch'awaruutu'' : The Journey
@@ Line 904: / Line 941: @@
 *''Mak'ii'' : [[Makee]]
 *''Oq'ogakha'' : [[Keystone]]
+*''Q'aatu'' : Prophet of Truth
 *''Q'iitu'' : [[Prophet of Mercy/Silver|Prophet of Mercy]]
 *''Sangheli'' : Sangheili
 *''Shak'o'' : The Path, the way
 *''Shandi'' : [[The Covenant]], the alliance
+*''T'injuqkhuujo'' : [[Arbiter|The Arbiter]]
 ===A===
@@ Line 918: / Line 957: @@
 *''baashi'' : ceremony
 *''baashkhi'' : hundreds
+*''baaska'' : trap
+*''baat'u'' : safety
+*''bats'a'' : (v.) to bind, to be bound
 *''baazhi'' : before, prior
+*''baghiit'u'' : ignorance
 *''bak'ontu'' : justice, righteousness
 *''bakha'' : (v.) to burst, to explode
@@ Line 924: / Line 967: @@
 *''bambit'a'' : (v.) to promise something to someone, to hold in reserve or specially something for someone (derived from the verb: bit'a)
 *''bambit'agha'' : promise, oath, vow
+*''banechkha'' : (v.) to move aside, to move apart
 *''banghaina'' : (v.) to sense, to detect, to perceive (derived from the verb: ghaina)
 *''bank'utkho'' : (v.) to defend, to resist (derived from k'utkho, bank'utkho literally means "to fight with the back" and by metaph. extension, "to fight back")
-*''baqkhat'a'' : shield(s)
+*''baqkhat'a'' : shield, defenses; (v.) to shield, to shelter (derived from the verb: qkhat'a)
-*''Baro'' : [Proper Noun] : A male given name. Latinized as Var.
+*''Baro'' : [Proper Noun] : A male given name. Latinized as Var. — '''Baro Gat'anai'''
 *''bekkhajo'' : creature, animal
 *''bit'a'' : (v.) to bear, to carry, to hold
+*''bit'agha'' : container, holder, vessel
 *''bojo'' : mother(s)
+*''Buulo Ch'awaat'u'' : [Proper Noun] : [[High Charity]]
 ===C===
@@ Line 937: / Line 983: @@
 *''ch'adonu'' : (v.) to notice, to pay attention (derived from the verb: donu)
 *''ch'adzuma'' : dangerous
+*''ch'amaaro'' :  (v.) to look at, to glance at (derived from the verb: maaro)
 *''ch'ambuujo'' : hierarch(s)
 *''ch'ana'' : (v.) to read
@@ Line 944: / Line 991: @@
 *''ch'anghutkho'' : combat, skirmish
 *''ch'anik'o'' : (v.) to see
-**''ch'anik'otan'' : saw
-**''ch'anik'oji'' : seen
 *''ch'ano'' : head
 *''ch'anopkho'' : (v.) to atone, to redeem a fault (derived from the verb: opkho)
@@ Line 951: / Line 996: @@
 *''ch'anoq'o'' : great nobility
 *''ch'anqi'' : extinction
+*''ch'anqkhat'a'' : roof, top part
 *''ch'anqkhoso'' : (v.) to run (derived from the verb: qkhoso)
+*''ch'anzap'atu'' : great victory
 *''ch'apkhaat'u'' : grace
+*''ch'aqkhosa'' : (v.) to push forward
+*''ch'awaat'u'' : charity
+*''ch'awaqkho'' : (v.) to restore (derived from the verb: waqkho)
+*''ch'i'' : third
 *''ch'imo'' : (v.) to take, to get, to gather, to collect
 *''ch'in'' : (v.) to take, to seize (ch'in literally means to stab; to pierce)
@@ Line 959: / Line 1,010: @@
 *''chkha'a'' : (v.) to hunt, to pursue
 **''chkhaaja'a'' : (Reduplicative Form)
-*''chkhan'' : all, whole, endless
+*''chkhan'' : all, whole, entire
 **''chkhan ba'' : all by
 **''chkhan ni'' : over all
@@ Line 977: / Line 1,028: @@
 *''dzana'' : woman, mortal female
 *''dzima'' : brave
+*''dzuch'in'' : (v.) to steal (derived from the verb: ch'in)
 *''dzuk'utkho'' : (v.) to battle, to do battle with (derived from the verb: k'utkho)
 **''dzuk'uuchi'' : battled
 *''dzukhunt'u'' : dominance
+*''dzumbit'a'' : (v.) to wield (presumably a weapon) (derived from the verb: bit'a)
 *''dzumema'' : (v.) to conquer, to subjugate (derived from the verb: ema)
 *''dzumu'' : (v.) to be sharp
+*''dzuqkhost'u'' : treachery
 *''dzushkhop'o'' : (v.) to aim, to target (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
+*''dzushkhoomo'' : target
 *''dzuutu'' : danger, peril
@@ Line 988: / Line 1,043: @@
 *''ema'' : (v.) to mount, to get on
 **''aamema'' : (Reduplicative Form)
-*''et'o'' : sword
+*''et'o'' : blades, swords
 *''et'ojo'' : swordsman(men)
 *''eya'' : no, or to negate something (if added at end of a verb)
@@ Line 999: / Line 1,054: @@
 *''gaich'in'' : (v.) to be wrong (derived from the verb: ch'in)
 *''gaiduje'' : (v.) to sully, to dirty, to pollute (derived from the verb: duje)
-*''gaik'inat'u'' : regret, one who is regretful
+*''gaighap'awa'' : (v.) to offend (derived from the verb: ghap'awa)
+*''gaijaat'u'' : malfunction
+*''gaijaya'' :  (v.) to approach, to come near, to draw close (derived form the verb: jaya)
+*''gaik'ina'' : (v.) to regret (derived from the verb: k'ina)
+*''gaik'inat'u'' : regret
 *''gaikhawa'' : (v.) to guess, to predict (derived from the verb: khawa)
+*''gaikkhaajo'' : ones who believe, believers
+*''gaikkhat'a'' : (v.) to believe, to anticipate
+*''gaimaaro'' : (v.) to hope, to hope for, to expect (derived from the verb: maaro)
+*''gaiwarut'o'' : (v.) to become lost, to be astray (derived from the verb: warut'o)
 *''gakha'' : rocks, stones
+*''gawaacho'' : priest(s)
+*''gazhumaaka'' : alert; (v.) to alert, to warn, to give warning to
 *''gha'' : what (pronoun)
 *''ghaaba'' : (v.) to decay, to rot
 **''ghaagaba'' : (Reduplicative Form)
 *''ghaadi'' : where, in what place or position (See also: diibe)
+*''ghaamos'' : why, how come
 *''ghaakhe'' : how much
 *''ghaasha'' : how
@@ Line 1,012: / Line 1,078: @@
 *''ghaina'' : (v.) to hear
 *''ghajaya'' : (v.) to return, to come back (derived from the verb: jaya)
+*''ghakhawa'' : (v.) to blaspheme (derived from the verb: khawa)
+*''ghakhot'u'' : blasphemy
 *''ghamaaziit'u'' : jealousy
+*''ghap'awa'' : (v.) to step
+*''ghap'awagha'' : step
 *''ghaq'aaga'' : map, chart
 *''ghashango'' : (v.) to accompany, to follow to join
 *''ghashank'o'' : demon, monster
 **''baghashank'o'' : little demon, imp
+*''ghat'iiwa'' : (v.) to hesitate, to delay (derived from the verb: t'iiwa)
+**''ghat'iiweya'' : do not hesitate
 *''ghats'aha'' : (v.) to be situated, to lie in place, to remain (derived from the verb: ts'aha)
+*''ghats'aatu'' : remainder, remaining
 *''ghu'' : [postposition] : O (vocative) (Occurs with the addressed or called-out elements.)
-*''ghunu'' : (v.) to destroy, to break (See also: ruubakha)
+*''ghunu'' : (v.) to destroy, to eliminate (See also: ruubakha)
 *''ghuuri'' : many, much
+*''goja'' : top, above
+*''guro'' : (v.) to want, to desire, to wish
+*''guujo'' : ones who guide
 *''guulo'' : master(s)
+*''gwigha'' : direction, instruction, orders
 ===H===
@@ Line 1,033: / Line 1,110: @@
 *''hira'' : (v.) to bless, to praise
 *''hirat'u'' : blessing, praising
-*''hirajo'' : one who is blessed
+*''hirajo'' : ones who are blessed
-*''hodu'' : (v.) to wait, to pause
+*''hodu'' : (v.) to wait, to pause (and by extension: to await)
 *''hunt'u'' : radiation, radiance
 ===I===
+*''ii'' : [negative demonstrative determiner] : no, not
 *''iiku'' : (v.) to know (information), to be familiar with
+**''iik'uya'' : know not
+*''iit'u'' : information, knowledge
 *''ik'o'' : eye(s)
 *''ikhi'' : now, presently
+**''ikhi baazhi'' : previously
+**''ikhi eya'' : not yet, not now
 **''ikhi ga'' : right now, right away
 **''ikhi jaya'' : come quickly, come now
-**''ikhi baazhi'' : previously
+*''ine'' : this, this one; proximal demonstrative singular pronoun
 ===J===
-*''jaari'' : [First Person Plural] : we, us, ourselves (exclusive of you)
+*''jaari'' : [First Person Plural pronoun] : we, us, ourselves (exclusive of you)
 *''jaja'' : maybe, perhaps
-*''jan'' : [First Person Singular] : I, me, myself
+*''jan'' : [First Person Singular pronoun] : I, me, myself
 *''jaya'' : (v.) to come, to arrive
 **''jejaya'' : (Reduplicative Form)
 **''jayaleya'' : can not arrive
-**''jayatan'' : arrived
 *''ju'' : one
-*''juq'u'' : (v.)  to connect, to join, to unite
+*''juq'u'' : (v.) to connect, to join, to unite
+*''juubaat'u'' : destiny, fate
+*''juubit'a'' : (v.) to secure (derived from the verb: bit'a)
 *''juuch'in'' : (v.) to accept, to adopt, to embrace (Also "to appreciate" and "to be grateful") (derived from the verb: ch'in)
+*''juuch'imo'' : (v.) to accept (in a broad sense), to take (receive) (derived from the verb: ch'imo)
 *''juudonu'' : (v.) to flank (derived from the verb: donu)
 *''juukhawa'' : (v.) to claim, to declare, to profess (derived from the verb: khawa)
-*''juukhojo'' : one who prophesies, prophet(s)
+*''juukhojo'' : ones who prophesy, prophet(s)
-*''juukhot'u'' : prophesy
+*''juukhot'u'' : prophecy
+*''juuluumo'' : legacy
+*''juumatkha'' : (v.) to kill with certainty (derived from the verb: matkha)
 *''juun'' : upper mandible
 *''juunduje'' : (v.) to make look good, act good, perform well (derived from the verb: duje)
+*''juunik'o'' : (v.)  to foresee, to see ahead
+*''juunik'otu'' : sight, seeing
+*''juusatkha'' : of course (from the verb: satkha)
+*''juusiit'a'' : (v.) to summon, to invoke (derived from the verb: siit'a)
 *''juutkhaadola'' : enough
+*''juutkhola'' : enough
 *''juutkhaat'u'' : defeat
 ===K===
 *''k'aachot'u'' : effectively
+*''k'aaje'' : shame, fall; (v.) to shame
 *''k'aidon'' : kaidon
-*''k'e'' : [Second Person Singular] : you, yourself
+*''k'e'' : [Second Person Singular pronoun] : you, yourself
-*''K'elo'' : [Proper Noun] : A male given name. Latinized as Kel.
+*''K'elo'' : [Proper Noun] : A male given name. Latinized as Kel. — '''K'elo Daasamu'''
 *''k'ena'' : (v.) to choose, to select, to decide on
-*''k'iri'' : [Second Person Plural] : you, you all, yourselves
+*''k'enjo'' : ones who are chosen
+*''k'iri'' : [Second Person Plural pronoun] : you, you all, yourselves
 *''k'iis'' : light
 *''k'iisho'' : [[luminary]]
 *''k'ina'' : (v.) to bite
+*''k'o'' : or
 *''k'ondi'' : door, gate, entrance
+*''k'onwele'' : tank
 *''k'umas'' : again, once more
 *''k'ung'' : both
-*''k'unjo'' : others, the rest
+*''k'unjo'' : another, others, the rest
 *''k'utkho'' : (v.) to fight
 *''k'uucho'' : warrior(s), fighter(s)
@@ Line 1,086: / Line 1,181: @@
 *''khayema'' : (v.) to scale by hand (derived from the verb: ema)
 *''khebit'a'' : (v.) to have, to possess, to retain (derived from the verb: bit'a)
-*''khebit'ajo'' : one who possesses a common quality, someone who shares a similarity
+*''khebit'ajo'' : one who possesses a common quality, ones with a similarity
 *''khech'imo'': (v.) to retrieve, to get and bring back, to reclaim (derived from the verb: ch'imo)
 *''khekhawa'' : (v.) to respond (derived from the verb: khawa)
 *''kheluuga'' : artifact, relic
+*''khemaarojo'' : ones who spy, spies
 *''khis'' : mongrel
+*''khisho'' : pest
 *''khobu'' : (v.) to fire (from a weapon),  to shoot
 **''khobuuya'' : hold fire, cease firing, do not shoot
@@ Line 1,096: / Line 1,193: @@
 *''khobuugha'' : gun, firearm
 *''khoya'' : wise
-*''khuut'a'' : brother(s), kin
+*''khuut'a'' : brother(s), kin, same
 *''khuzho'' : [Reflexive Pronoun] : one's self; myself, yourself, themselves, itself
-*''kkhaaya'' : (v.) to be worthy of
+*''kkhaaya'' : (v.) to be worthy, to have value, to matter
 **''kkhaayeya'' : not worthy, hardly worth
-*''kkhagadza'' : correct, affirmative, that's right
+*''kkhadza'' : (v.) to be correct, to be right
+**''kkhagadza'' : (Reduplicative Form) correct, that's right
+*''kkhadzat'u'' : right , rightful
+*''kkhago'' : ring, circle ; (v.) to circle, to surround
 *''kkhosa'' : (v.) to flee
+*''kkhotskha'' : (v.) to be ruined, to have been put in a broken or fallen state
 ===L===
@@ Line 1,113: / Line 1,214: @@
 ===M===
 *''maaro'' : (v.) to find, to look for, to seek
-**''maarotan'' : found
+**''maamaro'' : (Reduplicative Form)
+***''q'amaamaro'' : keep on searching
 **''q'amaaro'' : keep looking, continue looking
 *''maarot'u'' : a search, exploration, quest
@@ Line 1,119: / Line 1,221: @@
 *''maaziit'u'' : revenge, hatred, vendetta
 *''maikhu'' : tool, device
+*''maskhit'u'' : temper
 *''matkha'' : (v.) to kill, to slay
 **''matkhaji'' : killed, slew
@@ Line 1,124: / Line 1,227: @@
 *''me'' : [postposition] : in, inside, inside of (inessive) ; of (genitive)
 *''mech'imo'' : (v.) to take with, to bring, to obtain (derived from the verb: ch'imo)
-*''mech'in'' : (v.) to cut
+*''mech'in'' : (v.) to cut, to rip
+*''mechkhuut'u'' : redemption
 *''meghizit'u'' : mission
 *''mejaya'' : (v.) to prepare, to be ready
@@ Line 1,137: / Line 1,241: @@
 *''mogha'' : waves, surge
 *''mojaya'' : (v.) to remember (derived from the verb: jaya)
-*''moq'aara'' : (v.) to be pious, to have faith
+*''moq'aara'' : (v.) to be pious, to have faith (derived from the verb: q'aara)
 **''moq'aaji'' : pious, devout
 *''moq'aajo'' : zealot(s)
+*''moq'aatu'' : faith
 *''mos'' : brain, mind
 **''me mos ba'' : like, as, just as
-*''moshkhaa'' : (v.) to indicate
+*''moshkhop'o'' : (v.) to indicate (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
 *''mosik'o'' : (v.) to think, to understand
 **''mosik'weya'' : do not understand
 *''mositskha'' : (v.) to intrigue, to fascinate (derived from the verb: itskha)
 *''mosone'' : counsel, advice
-*''mot'onguu'' :  (v.) to agree (derived from the verb: t'onguu)
+*''mot'ongu'' :  (v.) to agree (derived from the verb: t'ongu)
 *''mot'onguut'u'' : agreement, covenant, pact
 *''mots'aha'' : (v.) to leave behind, to abandon (derived from the verb: ts'aha)
-*''mu'' : [Third Person singular] : he/him/himself, she/her/herself, they/themself
+*''mu'' : [Third Person singular pronoun] : he/him/himself, she/her/herself, they/themself
-*''muuri'' : [Third Person plural] : they, them, themselves
+*''muni'' : (v.) to tire, to grow weary
+*''muuri'' : [Third Person plural pronoun] : they, them, themselves
 ===N===
-*''nasa'' : exceeds (a bit much, much too, far too)
+*''nasa'' : exceeds (a bit much, much too, far too, more)
 **''naseya'' : no more, no longer
 *''naya'' : (v.) to fertilize an egg
 **''nenaya'' : (Reduplicative Form)  were fertilizing
+*''ne'' : [proximal demonstrative determiner] : this
 *''nejo'' : father(s)
 *''nga'' : nothing, without, absent
-*''ngajo'' : nobody, no one
+*''ngajo'' : nobody, no one, none
-*''ngani'' : need, must, will
+*''ngani'' : need, must, require
+*''ngatkhet'a'' : (adj.) absent, missing
 *''ngeno'' : (v.) to save
 *''ngitkhagha'' : controls
@@ Line 1,167: / Line 1,275: @@
 *''ni'' : [postposition] : at, on, near (adessive) ; of (genitive)
 *''nizhi'' : and (when used to coordinate nouns and sentences: also, in addition, about, as well) (See also: ze)
-*''nuju'' : weak, cowardly
+*''nuju'' : (v.) to be weak, cowardly, pathethic
+*''nujujo'' : weakling, the weak, ones who display cowardice
 *''nujut'u'' : weakness
 ===O===
 *''o'' : [postposition] : (ergative) (Occurs with the subject of an action that involves a direct object.)
+*''obadi'' : prison
 *''ogha'' : foot
 **''ogha ni'' : near, close
@@ Line 1,179: / Line 1,289: @@
 *''oq'o'' : (v.) to be great, glorious, noble, have honor
 **''oq'eya'' : no honor
-*''oq'otu'' : glory
+*''oq'otu'' : glory, honor
 *''oq'ogakha'' : the sacred stones
 *''ot'a'' : (v.) to suffer, to endure
@@ Line 1,187: / Line 1,297: @@
 *''p'aatu'' : pity
 *''p'ayut'u'' : exactly
+*''p'ekkha'' : (v.) to form, to shape
+*''p'es'' : worm
 *''p'ikhe'' : creature, animal
 *''p'uuka'' : question; (v.) to question, to ask
@@ Line 1,198: / Line 1,310: @@
 ===Q===
-*''q'a'' : but, but rather
+*''q'a'' : but, but rather, yet
+*''q'aara'' : true; (v.) to be true, to be loyal
+*''q'aatu'' : truth
 *''q'aha'' : (v.) to touch
 *''q'aya'' : simple
-*''q'on'' : (v.) to teach, to inform
+*''q'on'' : (v.) to teach, to instruct
+*''q'uho'' : (v.) to be silent, to quiet
 *''q'unqa'' : (v.) to forget, to forgive
 **''q'unqijaga'' : will forget
 *''q'ii'' : dead, death, demising
-*''q'iitu'' : mercy, one who is merciful
+*''q'iitu'' : mercy
 *''qkhaamo'' : shrine, temple
 *''qkhaat'u'' : holiness
@@ Line 1,212: / Line 1,327: @@
 *''qkhadomo'' : divine beyond
 *''qkhan'' : enemy(ies)
+*''qkhat'a'' : (v.) to defend, to guard, to protect
 *''qkhe'' : [interjection] oh
 **''qkhe p'os'' : oh shit
@@ Line 1,226: / Line 1,342: @@
 **''riikhe oni'' : regroup, rally together
 **''riikhe zi'' : among, in company
-*''riin'' : [First Person Plural] : we, us, ourselves (inclusive of you)
+*''riin'' : [First Person Plural pronoun] : we, us, ourselves (inclusive of you)
+*''rojo'' : pet
 *''rotkho'' : flesh, skin, hide
 *''rube'' : ground, soil, earth
 *''ruq'a'' : fire, flame
+*''ruq'aara'' : (v.) to anoint, to sanctify (derived from the verb: q'aara)
 *''ruq'echkha'' : (v.) to burn, to shine, to illuminate
 *''ruq'ota'' : (v.) to burn, to scorch (derived from the verb: ot'a)
@@ Line 1,236: / Line 1,354: @@
 *''ruujaya'' : (v.) to hurry, to hustle, to come quickly (derived from the verb: jaya)
 *''ruuk'ina'' : (v.) to attack (derived from the verb: k'ina)
+*''ruukhawa'' : (v.) to command (derived from the verb: khawa)
+*''ruupkhada'' : (v.) to prevent, to stop (derived from the verb: pkhada)
 *''ruuq'ontu'' : reeducation
 *''ruuq'uuka'' : punishment, chastisement
-*''ruut'sag'' : (v.) to light, to kindle, to ignite (likely related to the verb: ts'age)
+*''ruut'sage'' : (v.) to light, to kindle, to ignite, to set fire to (derived from the verb: ts'age)
 ===S===
@@ Line 1,248: / Line 1,368: @@
 *''shak'o'' : route, path, way
 *''shandeta'' : ages, generations
-*''skhala'' : hammer, mallet
+*''siit'a'' : (v.) to call (out to)
+*''skhala'' : hammer, mallet
+*''skhuro'' : kind, sort, type
+*''shkhii'' : odor, smell, stench
 *''shkhoot'u'' : sign, signal
 *''shkhop'o'' : (v.) to mark, to point
+*''suung'' : heart
 ===T===
-*''T'elo'' : [Proper Noun] : A male given name. Latinized as Thel.
+*''T'elo'' : [Proper Noun] : A male given name. Latinized as Thel.  — '''T'elo Badami'''
+*''t'ichin'' : (v.) to insult, to ridicule (derived from the verb: ch'in)
 *''t'ighaina'' : (v.) to hear and understand, to read one another (derived from the verb: ghaina)
 *''t'iis'' : word
 *''t'iiwa'' : (v.) to doubt, to disbelieve
 **''t'iiweya'' : doubt not
-*''t'iiwajo'' : one who doubts, heretic(s)
+*''t'iiwajo'' : ones who doubt, infidels, heretic(s)
 *''t'ik'utkho'' : (v.) to argue, to dispute (derived from the verb: k'utkho)
 *''t'ikhawa'' : (v.) to speak, to chat (derived from the verb: khawa)
+*''t'ikhori'' : communications
+*''t'iloshkho'' : (v.) to inform, to tell, to say to (derived from the verb: loshkho)
+*''t'injuqkhuujo'' : arbiter(s)
+*''t'ipekkha'' : (v.) to suggest, to propose (derived from the verb: p'ekkha)
+*''t'ishkhop'o'' : (v.) to accuse, to blame (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
+*''t'isiit'a'' : (v.) to contact, to communicate (derived from the verb: siit'a)
+*''t'isiit'agha'' : transmission
+*''t'iskina'' (v.) to whisper, to mutter (derived from the verb: k'ina)
+*''t'iskinagha'' : rumor, rumors, whispering, whispers
+*''t'ispkhada'' : (v.) to deny, to oppose (derived from the verb: pkhada)
+*''t'ispkhadajo'' : ones who deny or dare oppose
 *''t'isqukho'' : (v.) to release, to let loose, to unleash
 *''t'iswaqkho'' : (v.) to permit, to allow, to sanction (derived from the verb: waqkho)
-*''t'onguu'' : (v.) to meet
+*''t'iya'' : (v.) to live, to be alive, to manifest
+*''t'iyat'u'' : life, lives, existence
+*''t'ongu'' : (v.) to meet
+**''t'odongu'' : (Reduplicated Form)
 *''t'ulu'' : bone
-*''tkha'' : [Inanimate Third Person Singular] : it, itself, that
-*''tkhaari'' : [Inanimate Third Person Plural] : those, them
+*''tkha'' : [Inanimate Third Person Singular pronoun] : it; [distal demonstrative determiner] : that
+*''tkhaari'' : [Inanimate Third Person Plural pronoun] : those, them
 *''tkhaas'' : there, over there
 **''tkhaas oni'' : to there, that way
-*''tkhahan'' : (v.) to finish, to conclude
+*''tkhahana'' : (v.) to finish, to conclude, to end something
 *''tkhazhi'' : then, and then
-*''tkhet'a'' : species, people, kin, nest
+*''tkhet'a'' : species, people, folk, kin (tkhet'a literally means a nest or den)
-**''tkhet'a ga'' : please (literally meaning ''Of the people'' or ''For the people'')
+**''tkhet'a ga'' : please (directly translating to ''Of the people'' or ''For the people'')
 *''tkhop'o'' : (v.) to name
 **''tkhaadop'o'' : (Reduplicative Form)  were naming
@@ Line 1,279: / Line 1,419: @@
 *''tkhungat'u'' : herald, bearer
 *''tkhuyujo'' : ancients, forerunner(s)
 *''ts'aha'' : (v.) to be at, to be in proximity
+**''ts'aatsaha'' : (Reduplicative Form)
 *''ts'ukho'' :  (v.) to be
 **''ts'uutsukho'' : (reduplication) : (v.) to be emphatically true
@@ Line 1,289: / Line 1,431: @@
 ===U===
 *''uro'' : claws
+*''Ut'o'' : [Proper Noun] : A male given name. — '''Ut'o Madama'''
 *''uuri'' : very much, nearly, fairly, quite
 *''uutu'' : evil
@@ Line 1,299: / Line 1,442: @@
 **''q'awarut'o'' : continue on, onward
 *''waruutu'' : journey, voyage, expedition
+*''watkho'' : (v.) to fear, to be afraid of
 *''wele'' : ship, vessel
+*''welegoja'' : bridge (of a spaceship), command center
 *''welema'' : (v.) to board  (derived from the verb: ema)
 *''welekkhosa'' : (v.) to retreat (derived from the verb: kkhosa)
+*''welit'ari'' : fleet
+*''wighe'' : ash, ashes
 ===Y===
+*''yaala'' : body
 *''yodu'' : soon
 ===Z===
+*''zap'atu'' : victory
 *''zaya'' : (v.) to expand
 **''zaazaya'' : (Reduplicative Form)  were expanding
@@ Line 1,314: / Line 1,463: @@
 *''zhiiqo'' : time, times
 *''zhuro'' : weapon(s)
+*''zo'' : [medial demonstrative determiner] : that
 ===Uncertain Vocabulary===
@@ Line 1,319: / Line 1,469: @@
 *''asho'' : blue
-*''banechkha'' : (v.) to release, to let go of
 *''ch'intu'' : wound
 **''bach'intu'' : scratch, little wound
-*''gazhumaaka'' : alert
+*''bank'ina'' : (v.) to ignore, to disregard (derived from the verb: k'ina)
 *''gwis'' : (v.) to lead, to guide
 *''has'' : sun
-*''kkhago'' : ring, circle
+*''juushkhop'o'' : (v.) to specify, to clarify (derived from the the verb: shkhop'o)
+*''kheyua'' : (v.) to grasp, to take up, to grab (derived from the verb: yua)
 *''lushkho'' : star
-*''ngatkhet'a'' : absent, missing
+*''ngodza'' : metal
-*''p'ekkha'' : (v.) to form, to shape
 *''p'uko'' : book
 *''q'iskhe'' : (v.) to appear intact, to be whole/complete
@@ Line 1,334: / Line 1,483: @@
 *''ruubaabaacho'' : intruder(s)
 *''ts'age'' : (v.) to glow, to shine
+*''ts'epa'' : rod
+*''yua'' : (v.) to take hold of, to grab
 *''zhiija'' : appropriately, rightly, suitably

Sangheili (language)/Silver: Difference between revisions

Sangheili (language)/Silver (edit)

Revision as of 08:16, April 16, 2024