History of the United Nations Space Command: Difference between revisions

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==History==
==History==
===Pre-UNSC period===
===Pre-UNSC period===
[[Image:United_nations_flag.png|thumb|150px|The United Nations flag.]]
[[File:United nations flag.png|thumb|150px|The United Nations flag.]]
The United Nations Space Command's history begins with the official establishment of the [[United Nations]] following [[World War II]] in [[1945]], creating for the first time in human history a political and military entity that could administrate worldwide economic, social and military matters such as operations and campaigns aimed at providing humanitarian aid and global military intervention with the objective of preserving peace in unstable regions.
The United Nations Space Command's history begins with the official establishment of the [[United Nations]] following [[World War II]] in [[1945]], creating for the first time in human history a political and military entity that could administrate worldwide economic, social and military matters such as operations and campaigns aimed at providing humanitarian aid and global military intervention with the objective of preserving peace in unstable regions.


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The [[Frieden]] military movement, based in the Jovian Moons and sponsored by corporate powers in the [[Unified German Republic]], reacted once this upsurge of communism became obvious and Koslovic revolutionaries began attacking their infrastructure. Drawing its philosophical origin from twentieth-century [[Fascism]] and National Socialism, the Frieden's ardent anti-Koslovism and anti-communism convinced them to adopt revolutionary ideals as well. Among their primary objectives was gaining corporate independence by seceding from UN colonial administration and establishing a self-contained Jovian state. Frieden propaganda claimed that in order to reach a peaceful (as their German name suggests) and independent Jovian nation, the UN, an advocate of internationalism, was to be driven out of the Jovian Moons and destroyed around the Solar System, including on [[Earth|home ground]].  
The [[Frieden]] military movement, based in the Jovian Moons and sponsored by corporate powers in the [[Unified German Republic]], reacted once this upsurge of communism became obvious and Koslovic revolutionaries began attacking their infrastructure. Drawing its philosophical origin from twentieth-century [[Fascism]] and National Socialism, the Frieden's ardent anti-Koslovism and anti-communism convinced them to adopt revolutionary ideals as well. Among their primary objectives was gaining corporate independence by seceding from UN colonial administration and establishing a self-contained Jovian state. Frieden propaganda claimed that in order to reach a peaceful (as their German name suggests) and independent Jovian nation, the UN, an advocate of internationalism, was to be driven out of the Jovian Moons and destroyed around the Solar System, including on [[Earth|home ground]].  


United Nations militaries soon found themselves pinned from the extreme left-wing and extreme right-wing alike. These political tensions would soon lead to a final face-down between fascism, communism, and international representatives of [[democracy]] throughout various colonies, space environments, and national territories.<ref>[http://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm Xbox.com '''Halo Storyline''']</ref>
United Nations militaries soon found themselves pinned from the extreme left-wing and extreme right-wing alike. These political tensions would soon lead to a final face-down between fascism, communism, and international representatives of [[democracy]] throughout various colonies, space environments, and national territories.<ref name="Xbox.com Halo Storyline">[http://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm Xbox.com '''Halo Storyline''']</ref>
=====Jovian Moons Campaign=====
=====Jovian Moons Campaign=====
{{See also|Jovian Moons Campaign}}
{{See also|Jovian Moons Campaign}}
[[Image:Jupiters_Moons.jpg|thumb|150px|Panorama of the Jovian Moons.]]
[[File:Jupiters Moons.jpg|thumb|150px|Panorama of the Jovian Moons.]]
Despite Frieden war-mongering propaganda, the Jovian Moons were still held under tight UN control up to 2160, having assigned detachments of military advisers to help administrate and possibly train the Jovian inhabitants in weapons combat and self-defense in the potential instance an armed conflict would destabilize peace in the area.  
Despite Frieden war-mongering propaganda, the Jovian Moons were still held under tight UN control up to 2160, having assigned detachments of military advisers to help administrate and possibly train the Jovian inhabitants in weapons combat and self-defense in the potential instance an armed conflict would destabilize peace in the area.  


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Following a relatively blurry outcome in the Jovian Moons, Koslovic, Frieden and UN forces prepared for an engagement in [[South America]] in the year [[2162]], one of the most fertile and economically-promising regions of Earth. Presumably in an attempt to gain some material goods from industries in South America, the two military juntas assaulted each other and the UN troops scrambling to defend home territory, culminating in what is now symbolically known as the Rain Forest Wars.  
Following a relatively blurry outcome in the Jovian Moons, Koslovic, Frieden and UN forces prepared for an engagement in [[South America]] in the year [[2162]], one of the most fertile and economically-promising regions of Earth. Presumably in an attempt to gain some material goods from industries in South America, the two military juntas assaulted each other and the UN troops scrambling to defend home territory, culminating in what is now symbolically known as the Rain Forest Wars.  


It can be speculated that the conflict in South America resulted in an enormous amount of human casualties, especially in the lines of infantry on all three sides, due to difficult fighting conditions among the continent's numerous mountain ranges, rainforests, wildlife and volatile weather. Real consequences of the conflict, however, consisted of severe starvation and famine on an international scale - which is reason to believe the UN was no longer acting solely as a military defense force in the face of political extremists, but also as a primary provider of starvation relief - along with a further tensing of military conflicts already raging through the Solar System. <ref>[http://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm Xbox.com '''Halo Storyline''']</ref>
It can be speculated that the conflict in South America resulted in an enormous amount of human casualties, especially in the lines of infantry on all three sides, due to difficult fighting conditions among the continent's numerous mountain ranges, rainforests, wildlife and volatile weather. Real consequences of the conflict, however, consisted of severe starvation and famine on an international scale - which is reason to believe the UN was no longer acting solely as a military defense force in the face of political extremists, but also as a primary provider of starvation relief - along with a further tensing of military conflicts already raging through the Solar System.<ref name="Xbox.com Halo Storyline"/>


=====Argyre Planitia Campaign=====
=====Argyre Planitia Campaign=====
{{See also|Argyre Planitia Campaign|United Nations Space Command}}
{{See also|Argyre Planitia Campaign|United Nations Space Command}}
[[Image:Argyre.jpg|thumb|150px|The [[Argyre Planitia]].]]
[[File:Argyre.jpg|thumb|150px|The [[Argyre Planitia]].]]
In the most spectacular offensive since the start of the bloody tripartite war, UN command adopted a military strategy long-forgotten throughout the peace-dominated period prior to the outbreak of the Jovian Moons Campaign in 2160 - the "Blitzkrieg"-style lightning ground assault. After capturing both Frieden and Koslovic forces on Mars, international militaries delivered the first space-deployed contingent of [[UN Marine Corps|UN Marines]] in December of [[2163]] on a mission to crush communist infantry encampments in the basin of [[Argyre Planitia]], marking a turning-point in space warfare through dedicated utilizations of Marine forces in ground assaults and ship-boarding operations that would follow during the war.
In the most spectacular offensive since the start of the bloody tripartite war, UN command adopted a military strategy long-forgotten throughout the peace-dominated period prior to the outbreak of the Jovian Moons Campaign in 2160 - the "Blitzkrieg"-style lightning ground assault. After capturing both Frieden and Koslovic forces on Mars, international militaries delivered the first space-deployed contingent of [[UN Marine Corps|UN Marines]] in December of [[2163]] on a mission to crush communist infantry encampments in the basin of [[Argyre Planitia]], marking a turning-point in space warfare through dedicated utilizations of Marine forces in ground assaults and ship-boarding operations that would follow during the war.
[[Image:Perfect_Black_UNSC_logo.png|left|thumb|160px|Stylized UNSC emblem.]]
[[File:Perfect Black UNSC logo.png|left|thumb|160px|Stylized UNSC emblem.]]
The offensive was an incontestable success for democratic UN militaries. As a result, military theory and strategy implemented the use of Marines in high-priority missions as a baseline for successful operations, especially within the context of larger conflicts.  
The offensive was an incontestable success for democratic UN militaries. As a result, military theory and strategy implemented the use of Marines in high-priority missions as a baseline for successful operations, especially within the context of larger conflicts.  


However, the most important consequence of the anti-totalitarian campaign was of both political and military nature. The United Nations presumably did not control a dedicated space-military prior to the Argyre Planitia Campaign, a lacking element which it would replace with a special emergency military force that would come to represent humanity's overall military might. The [[United Nations Space Command]] (or the UN Space Command, as it was initially known) was created.<ref>[http://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm Xbox.com '''Halo Storyline''']</ref>
However, the most important consequence of the anti-totalitarian campaign was of both political and military nature. The United Nations presumably did not control a dedicated space-military prior to the Argyre Planitia Campaign, a lacking element which it would replace with a special emergency military force that would come to represent humanity's overall military might. The [[United Nations Space Command]] (or the UN Space Command, as it was initially known) was created.<ref name="Xbox.com Halo Storyline"/>


=====Final Campaign=====
=====Final Campaign=====
{{See also|Interplanetary War}}
{{See also|Interplanetary War}}
[[Image:Honorfame.jpg|thumb|Example of a UNSC propaganda poster.]]
[[File:Honorfame.jpg|thumb|Example of a UNSC propaganda poster.]]
As of [[2164]], psychological results of the campaign on Mars were formidable; civilian trust in the newly-formed UNSC military was boosted by massive televised propaganda, providing the UNSC with large waves of enthusiastic volunteers from all military services around the world. A sense of urgency, courage and hope helped UN forces scramble extraordinary divisions of Marines, infantry and fliers for a final campaign to annihilate remaining communist and fascist outposts and strongholds on Earth as well as throughout the Inner Planets and beyond Jupiter. The final campaign for peace lasted from 2164 to [[2170]] in a series of brutal crackdowns on Frieden and Koslovic hardliners. The result of this war gathered strong civilian support for some sort of powerful international military that could repel revolts and uprisings wherever they may occur. The UNSC emerged as the leading force to further those goals. <ref>[http://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm Xbox.com '''Halo Storyline''']</ref>
As of [[2164]], psychological results of the campaign on Mars were formidable; civilian trust in the newly-formed UNSC military was boosted by massive televised propaganda, providing the UNSC with large waves of enthusiastic volunteers from all military services around the world. A sense of urgency, courage and hope helped UN forces scramble extraordinary divisions of Marines, infantry and fliers for a final campaign to annihilate remaining communist and fascist outposts and strongholds on Earth as well as throughout the Inner Planets and beyond Jupiter. The final campaign for peace lasted from 2164 to [[2170]] in a series of brutal crackdowns on Frieden and Koslovic hardliners. The result of this war gathered strong civilian support for some sort of powerful international military that could repel revolts and uprisings wherever they may occur. The UNSC emerged as the leading force to further those goals.<ref name="Xbox.com Halo Storyline"/>


=====Callisto Treaty=====
=====Callisto Treaty=====
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====Unified Earth Government====
====Unified Earth Government====
{{See also|Unified Earth Government}}
{{See also|Unified Earth Government}}
[[2170]] saw the creation of the first multinational and multicolonial representation of democracy in outer space. Faced with concerns of overpopulation and starvation on Earth, consequently coupled with a looming destabilization of [[capitalism|capitalist]] economy, the [[Unified Earth Government]] was formed in a time of cultural and military reconstruction.<ref>[http://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm Xbox.com '''Halo Storyline''']</ref>
[[2170]] saw the creation of the first multinational and multicolonial representation of democracy in outer space. Faced with concerns of overpopulation and starvation on Earth, consequently coupled with a looming destabilization of [[capitalism|capitalist]] economy, the [[Unified Earth Government]] was formed in a time of cultural and military reconstruction.<ref name="Xbox.com Halo Storyline"/>


===Interstellar Colonization===
===Interstellar Colonization===
[[Image:Shaw-fujikawa.png|thumb|170px|Dr. [[Tobias Fleming Shaw]] (above), and Dr. [[Wallace Fujikawa]] (below), co-creators of the [[Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine]].]]
[[File:Shaw-fujikawa.png|thumb|170px|Dr. [[Tobias Fleming Shaw]] (above), and Dr. [[Wallace Fujikawa]] (below), co-creators of the [[Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine]].]]
Massive overpopulation and overmilitarization presented immediate problems for the postwar United Nations Space Command. Utilizing the newly developed Shaw-Fujikawa [[Slipspace]] Drive, in 2310 the UNSC deployed a vast line of colony ships to colonize the nearest planets and systems, giving birth to the "Inner Colonies." Vast numbers of citizens and soldiers travel to these new colonies, stabilizing the overpopulation problem on Earth and giving the military new tasks to handle. As the first colonists are stringently selected, the Inner Colonies eventually formed an "elite" society of the best physical and mental human specimens.<ref>[http://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm Xbox.com '''Halo Storyline''']</ref>
Massive overpopulation and overmilitarization presented immediate problems for the postwar United Nations Space Command. Utilizing the newly developed Shaw-Fujikawa [[Slipspace]] Drive, in 2310 the UNSC deployed a vast line of colony ships to colonize the nearest planets and systems, giving birth to the "Inner Colonies." Vast numbers of citizens and soldiers travel to these new colonies, stabilizing the overpopulation problem on Earth and giving the military new tasks to handle. As the first colonists are stringently selected, the Inner Colonies eventually formed an "elite" society of the best physical and mental human specimens.<ref name="Xbox.com Halo Storyline"/>


By 2490 over eight hundred worlds in the Orion arm of the Milky Way galaxy were colonized. These settlements ranged from fairly well-tamed planetary strongholds to tiny hinterland settlements. Outward expansion continued, and the Inner Colonies become a political and economic stronghold, though they relied heavily on raw materials supplied by the "Outer Colonies."  
By 2490 over eight hundred worlds in the Orion arm of the Milky Way galaxy were colonized. These settlements ranged from fairly well-tamed planetary strongholds to tiny hinterland settlements. Outward expansion continued, and the Inner Colonies become a political and economic stronghold, though they relied heavily on raw materials supplied by the "Outer Colonies."  
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However, this expansion did not come without cost, as ideological and political causes resulted in many of the Outer Colonies engaging in open rebellion. A series of brushfire wars across human space sprang up, with hundreds more threatening to erupt as well. By 2517, UNSC estimates put massive, overwhelming, and uncontrollable rebellion at less than twenty years away. This resulted in the start of the [[Spartans|Spartan-II program]], to quickly and quietly deal with insurrections without incurring massive civilian casualties.
However, this expansion did not come without cost, as ideological and political causes resulted in many of the Outer Colonies engaging in open rebellion. A series of brushfire wars across human space sprang up, with hundreds more threatening to erupt as well. By 2517, UNSC estimates put massive, overwhelming, and uncontrollable rebellion at less than twenty years away. This resulted in the start of the [[Spartans|Spartan-II program]], to quickly and quietly deal with insurrections without incurring massive civilian casualties.


===[[Inner Colony Wars]]===
===Inner Colony Wars===
The [[UNSC]] participated in the [[Inner Colony Wars]] in the 2400s'. Almost nothing to little is known about the wars, apart that "instant, unformatted news reports caused massive civil unrest" and "almost tore down [[Earth]]'s culture." It seems that the war had a major effect upon [[Earth]]'s cultural devolopment and the [[UNSC]] as a whole. <ref>[[Halo_Graphic_Novel#Second_Sunrise_Over_New_Mombasa|Second Sunrise Over New Mombasa]]</ref>
The [[UNSC]] participated in the [[Inner Colony Wars]] in the 2400s'. Almost nothing to little is known about the wars, apart that "instant, unformatted news reports caused massive civil unrest" and "almost tore down [[Earth]]'s culture." It seems that the war had a major effect upon [[Earth]]'s cultural devolopment and the [[UNSC]] as a whole.<ref>[[Halo_Graphic_Novel#Second_Sunrise_Over_New_Mombasa|Second Sunrise Over New Mombasa]]</ref>


===First Special Forces efforts===
===First Special Forces efforts===
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===Insurrections (2494-2537)===
===Insurrections (2494-2537)===
{{See also|Insurrection}}
{{See also|Insurrection}}
[[Image:Insurrectionist sci trooper.jpg|thumb|150px|''[[Halo Wars]]'' concept art of [[Insurrectionist]] trooper.]]
[[File:Insurrectionist sci trooper.jpg|thumb|150px|''[[Halo Wars]]'' concept art of [[Insurrectionist]] trooper.]]
Military conflicts continued disrupting UNSC authority in the colonies, particularly in the [[Outer Colonies]] where serveral uprisings among working-class agriculturalists and other social classes grew unhappy with the UNSC's largely inconsiderate governance. Of major military importance to the UNSC were the rebellions in the [[Epsilon Indi System|Epsilon Indi]], [[Epsilon Eridani System|Epsilon Eridani]] and [[111 Tauri System|111 Tauri]] systems.  
Military conflicts continued disrupting UNSC authority in the colonies, particularly in the [[Outer Colonies]] where serveral uprisings among working-class agriculturalists and other social classes grew unhappy with the UNSC's largely inconsiderate governance. Of major military importance to the UNSC were the rebellions in the [[Epsilon Indi System|Epsilon Indi]], [[Epsilon Eridani System|Epsilon Eridani]] and [[111 Tauri System|111 Tauri]] systems.  


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=====Eridanus II=====
=====Eridanus II=====
The year [[2513]] saw a two-stage battle at [[Eridanus II]]; a UNSC response to the rebel overthrow of Eridani government since [[2511]] that involved a deployment [[destroyers]] and [[carriers]] to engage the large rebel fleet commanded by [[Colonel Robert Watts]]. The battle resulted in severe losses for the rebels, having been routed away from Eridanus II and into the local asteroid belt, but also struck at least four UNSC destroyers in the process. <ref>[[Halo: The Fall of Reach]], pages 75-77</ref>
The year [[2513]] saw a two-stage battle at [[Eridanus II]]; a UNSC response to the rebel overthrow of Eridani government since [[2511]] that involved a deployment [[destroyers]] and [[carriers]] to engage the large rebel fleet commanded by [[Colonel Robert Watts]]. The battle resulted in severe losses for the rebels, having been routed away from Eridanus II and into the local asteroid belt, but also struck at least four UNSC destroyers in the process.<ref>[[Halo: The Fall of Reach]], pages 75-77</ref>


A second engagement involved the [[9th Marine Expeditionary Force]] on an operation to capture leaders of the movement, and in particular the second-in-command of the Eridanus Rebels in [[Elysium City]] on Eridanus II. The brief battle resulted in the leader’s family being killed and the commanding officer of the UNSC detachment, [[Colonel]] [[Ponder]] being demoted for the failure.
A second engagement involved the [[9th Marine Expeditionary Force]] on an operation to capture leaders of the movement, and in particular the second-in-command of the Eridanus Rebels in [[Elysium City]] on Eridanus II. The brief battle resulted in the leader’s family being killed and the commanding officer of the UNSC detachment, [[Colonel]] [[Ponder]] being demoted for the failure.
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====Epsilon Eridani rebellions====
====Epsilon Eridani rebellions====
Unlike rebel activity in the Eridanus Star System, [[ insurrectionists]] in [[Epsilon Eridani System|Epsilon Eridani]] resorted in [[2525]] to more covert revolutionary tactics, while taking advantage of local explosive manufacturing facilities in an attempt to render UNSC forces effectively crippled.  
Unlike rebel activity in the Eridanus Star System, [[insurrectionists]] in [[Epsilon Eridani System|Epsilon Eridani]] resorted in [[2525]] to more covert revolutionary tactics, while taking advantage of local explosive manufacturing facilities in an attempt to render UNSC forces effectively crippled.  


=====Tribute=====
=====Tribute=====
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{{See also|Operation: KALEIDOSCOPE}}
{{See also|Operation: KALEIDOSCOPE}}
[[File:URebels.png|thumb|right|Rebel infantry of Harvest and Arcadia.]]
[[File:URebels.png|thumb|right|Rebel infantry of Harvest and Arcadia.]]
By [[2502]], a so-called [[People’s Occupation Government]] (or Secessionist Union), rose to challenge [[Colonial Militia]] and UNSC Marine forces on [[Harvest]], gravitating around an experienced erstwhile police officer and SWAT operator [[Jerald Mulkey Ander]]. His activity leading up to 2502 determined NavSpecWar’s ORION Project to effectively end his rule, deploying a successful mission involving [[Corporal]] [[Avery J. Johnson]] to assassinate him and his supreme officers as they proceeded with a routine convoy patrol. <ref>[[Halo Graphic Novel]], page 122</ref>
By [[2502]], a so-called [[People’s Occupation Government]] (or Secessionist Union), rose to challenge [[Colonial Militia]] and UNSC Marine forces on [[Harvest]], gravitating around an experienced erstwhile police officer and SWAT operator [[Jerald Mulkey Ander]]. His activity leading up to 2502 determined NavSpecWar’s ORION Project to effectively end his rule, deploying a successful mission involving [[Corporal]] [[Avery J. Johnson]] to assassinate him and his supreme officers as they proceeded with a routine convoy patrol.<ref>[[Halo Graphic Novel]], page 122</ref>


Secessionist Union forces were not the sole insurgent powers on Harvest, however. A certain [[Unnamed Rebel Group|Harvest Rebel Group]] with branches reaching as far out as the colony [[Arcadia]] <ref>''[[Halo Wars]]'', level ''[[Pirth Outskirts]]''</ref> maintained a well-organized military presence that relied on stolen UNSC weaponry and terrorized government forces wherever they crossed their paths. <ref>''[[Halo Wars]]'', level ''[[Chasm]]''</ref>
Secessionist Union forces were not the sole insurgent powers on Harvest, however. A certain [[Unnamed Rebel Group|Harvest Rebel Group]] with branches reaching as far out as the colony [[Arcadia]] <ref>''[[Halo Wars]]'', level ''[[Pirth Outskirts]]''</ref> maintained a well-organized military presence that relied on stolen UNSC weaponry and terrorized government forces wherever they crossed their paths.<ref>''[[Halo Wars]]'', level ''[[Chasm]]''</ref>


====111 Tauri Rebellions====
====111 Tauri Rebellions====


=====Victoria=====
=====Victoria=====
A more technologically and logistically-sophisticated rebel cell conducted insurrectionist operations on planet [[Victoria]] in the [[111 Tauri System]]. In [[2537]], a certain "united" rebel front used its formidable intelligence manpower to establish a deal with the UNSC whereby experienced Navy medical staff were to treat rebel soldiers affected by [[Boren's Syndrome]] in exchange for a stockpile of nuclear weapons captured from UNSC vessels. The trade was "accepted" by the UNSC NavSpecWar, sending Spartan-II [[Blue Team]] to recover the nuclear warheads from a rebel camp. <ref>[[Halo: Ghosts of Onyx]], chapter one</ref>
A more technologically and logistically-sophisticated rebel cell conducted insurrectionist operations on planet [[Victoria]] in the [[111 Tauri System]]. In [[2537]], a certain "united" rebel front used its formidable intelligence manpower to establish a deal with the UNSC whereby experienced Navy medical staff were to treat rebel soldiers affected by [[Boren's Syndrome]] in exchange for a stockpile of nuclear weapons captured from UNSC vessels. The trade was "accepted" by the UNSC NavSpecWar, sending Spartan-II [[Blue Team]] to recover the nuclear warheads from a rebel camp.<ref>[[Halo: Ghosts of Onyx]], chapter one</ref>


====Mamore Rebellion====
====Mamore Rebellion====
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[[SPARTAN-III]] [[Alpha Company]] responded to an insurrection on the colony of [[Mamore]], marking the first and possibly only operation where generation-III Spartans engaged human opponents.<ref>[[Halo: Ghosts of Onyx]], page 81</ref>
[[SPARTAN-III]] [[Alpha Company]] responded to an insurrection on the colony of [[Mamore]], marking the first and possibly only operation where generation-III Spartans engaged human opponents.<ref>[[Halo: Ghosts of Onyx]], page 81</ref>


==See Also==
==See also==
*[http://halostory.bungie.org/history_of_unsc.html History of the UNSC] on the Halo Story Page
*[http://halostory.bungie.org/history_of_unsc.html History of the UNSC] on the Halo Story Page
*[[Interplanetary War]]
*[[Interplanetary War]]
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