Unified Earth Government

The Unified Earth Government (UEG), is the central civilian government that administers Earth and its colonies throughout a portion of the Orion Arm of the Milky Way galaxy. It houses the Colonial Administration Authority and the United Nations, which in turn governs the United Nations Space Command.

During the Human-Covenant War, the UNSC has assumed the governing function of the civilian UEG in the face of possible extinction from the overwhelming Covenant threat. The UEG still exists by January 2553, though whether it has regained executive and legislative power from the UNSC is unknown.

History
The Unified Earth Government traces its origins back to the Interplanetary War of the mid- to late-22nd century in the Sol System. With numerous Earth governments fighting independent battles against Frieden and Koslovic forces, the United Nations became involved, eventually using the war to absorb most, if not all, Earth governments into itself to form a global government to combat the terrorists and stabilize the planet and its off-world colonies. The UN won the war in 2170 and the Unified Earth Government was formed, with its primary military, scientific, and exploratory force being the newly established United Nations Space Command.

In January 2553, Dr. Ruth Charet took office as the President of the Unified Earth Government. She called for a new era of peace, progressiveness, and rebuilding in the wake of the Human-Covenant War.

Government and politics
The UEG is headed by a President. A number of other executive offices are known to exist, among them the Minister of Information, the Secretary of Defense, and the Minister for the Colonies. Based on the first and last positions, the UEG would appear to be based around a parliamentary system. It has been noted that Earth is in a privileged position over the colonies in the election process, which has been a source of discord with some colonials.

The Colonial Administration Authority is the government branch that administers the various colonies that belong to the UEG. It keeps extensive files on every colony world and city under the UEG, available to UNSC members for planning missions.

Even though it originally formed the UEG, the United Nations has been absorbed into a branch of the Earth government by the 26th century. Its exact function or role is unclear.

Foreign relations and military
Prior to first contact with the Covenant Empire at Harvest, the Unified Earth Government kept no foreign relations, with the exception of battles against Insurrectionists on rebellious colonies, whose independence the UEG did not recognise. As of 2553, the UEG maintains its earlier truce with the members of the Covenant separatists, which saved them from defeat in the Human-Covenant War. However, tensions remain as the UEG must again deal with elements of the weakened Insurrectionist movement, with worlds like Venezia actively seeking to secede.

The United Nations Space Command is the UEG's primary military, exploratory, and scientific arm. The military arm, known as the UNSC Defense Force, is intended to protect innocent colonists and colony worlds from attack by privateers, Insurrectionists and other threats, such as the Covenant. It includes various special forces, and militia organizations, but is mainly comprised of the Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force and Army. The UNSC also maintains a number of scientific organizations, among them UNSC Astrophysics, while the UNSC Engineering Corps is devoted to surveying viable planets for colonization or terraforming.

Economy
The UEG uses the United Nations Credit monetary unit to organize its economic stability by selling or buying military equipment, supplies and costs for shipping, etc. The UN Credit was likely implemented by the United Nations at some point before the formation of the Unified Earth Government in 2170. For transporting food and raw materials between colonies, the UEG maintains a merchant navy, run by the Department of Commercial Shipping.

Colonies


Human-occupied systems were known to encompass a relatively wide radius of the Orion Arm of the Milky Way Galaxy, in various stages of colonization, from the well developed Inner Colonies to the relatively recent and struggling Outer Colonies. Thus far, approximately 80 colonies have been referenced. Most of these colonies, under the influence of the UEG, were therefore controlled militarily by the UNSC.

The territory encompassed by the Inner Colonies seemed to stretch in at least a 11.5-light year radius around Earth, and the Outer Colonies beyond that. By 2468, the outermost colony was Harvest, at twelve light years from Earth - later, colonies were founded well beyond in the Outer Colonies. Colonies may have been settled after Harvest, or founded during the Human-Covenant War.

Influence over these worlds were greatly reduced by the Covenant during the Human-Covenant War, with only Earth and a few scattered colonies left mostly intact by the end of the conflict in 2552. Since the end of the conflict, the UEG is working to restore its galactic territories and avoid secessionism, and has even recolonized some of its former worlds, including Reach.

Named systems

Sol system
 * Earth - Human homeworld. Unsuccessfully attacked by Covenant in 2552.
 * Mars - Attacked by Covenant in 2552.
 * Jupiter - Unknown status

Epsilon Eridani system
 * Reach - Primary military installation. Glassed by Covenant in 2552; resettled by 2589.
 * Beta Gabriel - Partially occupied by the Covenant in 2552; liberated same year.
 * Tribute - Attacked, most likely glassed
 * Circumstance - Unknown status
 * Epsilon Eridani IV - Unknown status
 * Tantalus - Unknown status

111 Tauri system
 * Victoria - Unknown status

23 Librae system
 * Madrigal - Glassed in 2528

26 Draconis system
 * Levosia - Unknown status

Beta Hydri system
 * Beta Hydri VI - Unknown status

Brunel system
 * New Llanelli - Glassed in 2546

Charybdis system
 * Charybdis IX - Glassed

Chi Ceti system
 * Chi Ceti 4 - Attacked by Covenant in 2525; unknown status

Cygnus system
 * New Jerusalem - Glassed in 2552

Ectanus 45 system
 * Chi Rho - Unknown status

Epsilon Indi system
 * Harvest - Glassed in 2525, recaptured by UNSC in 2531

Eridanus system
 * Eridanus II - Glassed in 2530

Groombridge 1830 system
 * Groombridge-1830 - Unsuccessfully attacked by Covenant

Groombridge 34 system
 * Station Delphi - Unknown status

Hellespont system
 * Troy - Glassed in 2537
 * Harmony - Glassed in 2537

Hydra system - Unknown status

Jericho system - Unknown status

Lambda Aurigae system
 * Roost - Unknown status

Lambda Serpentis system
 * Jericho VII - Glassed in 2535

Leonis Minoris system - Three colonies, two glassed in 2537

Luyten 726-8 system
 * Luyten

Paris system
 * Paris IV - Glassed

Procyon system
 * Arcadia - Glassed in 2549

Sigma Octanus system
 * Sigma Octanus IV - Unsuccessfully attacked by Covenant in 2552.

Zeta Doradus system
 * Onyx - Disintegrated, slipspace-based core still intact

Other colonies
 * Actium - Glassed in 2545
 * Algolis - Attacked, unknown status
 * Ariel - Unknown status
 * Asmara - Attacked, most likely glassed
 * Asphodel - Unknown status
 * Atlas Moons - Still held
 * Ballast - Unsuccessfully attacked by Covenant
 * Biko - Glassed in 2525
 * Bliss - Glassed in 2526
 * Coral - Attacked in 2552, most likely glassed
 * Cote d'Azure Glassed
 * Crystal - Unknown status
 * Cyrus VII - Unknown status
 * Draco III - Glassed
 * Dwarka - Glassed
 * Emerald Cove - Abandoned in 2542
 * Eirene - Glassed
 * Endymion - Glassed
 * Far Isle - Unknown status
 * Forseti - Still held
 * Fumirole - Unknown status
 * Gilgamesh - Unknown status
 * Green Hills - Glassed in 2525
 * Hat Yai - Glassed in 2528 or 2529
 * Hellas - Unknown status
 * Juneou - Unknown status
 * Kholo - Glassed
 * Lenapi - Still held
 * Mamore - Still held
 * Minister - Still held
 * Miridem - Attacked, most likely glassed
 * New Constantinople - Glassed
 * New Harmony - Unsuccessfully attacked by Covenant
 * Oasis VI - Unknown status
 * Paradise Falls - Unknown status
 * Reynes - Glassed
 * Ruthersburg - Unknown status
 * Sansar - Glassed
 * Sargasso - Attacked, unknown status
 * Second Base - Glassed in 2525
 * Skopje - Glassed in 2547
 * Venezia - Insurrectionist-controlled in 2553
 * Verent - Unknown status
 * Verge - Attacked, stripmined for helium-3

Nation-states
There are still numerous national governments on Earth and other planetary bodies that fall under the UEG's power. They appear to have maintained a limited degree of independence, although their overall authority is negligible as most governing functions are handled by the UEG.

Asia Africa Oceania Americas
 * Micronesia
 * China
 * Japan
 * Mongolia
 * Pakistan
 * Korea
 * East African Protectorate
 * Republic of Kenya
 * United Republic of Tanzania
 * Commonwealth of Australia
 * Republic of Cuba
 * Republic of Chile
 * United Republic of North America
 * Canada
 * Mexico
 * United States of America

Europe Katagalugan Ganymede
 * Switzerland
 * United Kingdom
 * England
 * Scotland
 * Federal Republic of Germany
 * Ireland
 * New Legaspi
 * New Manila
 * Aigburth

Trivia

 * Though the UN and the UEG are functionally separate entities, the name "United Nations" was used to refer to humanity's central governing agency in Halo: Contact Harvest.
 * Both the Unified Earth Government and the United Nations Space Command are references to the human government (United Earth Government) and military (Unified Earth Space Council), respectively, from Bungie's Marathon series.