Supernova

A Supernova (plural: supernovae or supernovas) is a stellar explosion. They are extremely luminous and cause a burst of radiation that may briefly outshine an entire galaxy before fading from view over several weeks or months. During this short interval, a supernova can radiate as much energy as the Sun could emit over its life span. The explosion expels much or all of a star's material at a velocity of up to a tenth the speed of light, driving a shock wave into the surrounding interstellar medium. This shock wave sweeps up an expanding shell of gas and dust called a supernova remnant.

On average, supernovae occur about once every 50 years in a galaxy the size of the Milky Way and play a significant role in enriching the interstellar medium with heavy elements. Furthermore, the expanding shock waves from supernova explosions can trigger the formation of new stars.

History
In early Forerunner history, the Forerunners attempted to manipulate several stars in their region of space. They subsequently failed and caused several stars to supernova, leaving their homeworld heavily irradiated and uninhabitable.

Before their defeat at the hands of the Flood, and the firing of the Halo Array, the Forerunner fleet had "the capacity to force premature stellar collapse," creating an artificial supernova, used to destroy entire star systems taken by the Flood.

Another supernova occurred in 648 BCE, causing the destruction of the San 'Shyuum homeworld.

In the Battle of Shield World 0459 in 2531, the UNSC moved the 's slipspace drive into the Apex Site of Shield World 0459 and detonated it close to the internal miniature star. The chain reaction sent the star into supernova state, obliterating the installation and the fleet of Forerunner dreadnoughts, preventing the Covenant from using it and saving humanity from total defeat and extinction.

At the close of the Requiem campaign in 2558, the leader of a Covenant remnant, Jul 'Mdama, put the shield world Requiem on a collision course with the system's sun. When the planet was absorbed by the sun, the star went into a supernova state and exploded, nearly destroying the which narrowly escaped the shockwave into slipspace.

List of appearances

 * Halo 3
 * Terminals
 * Halo Wars
 * Halo: Cryptum
 * Halo 4
 * Spartan Ops
 * Halo: Escalation